Recovery of rare earth elements from phosphate rock by hydrometallurgical processes - A critical review
Recovery of rare earth elements from phosphate rock by hydrometallurgical processes - A critical review
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通过湿法冶金工艺从磷矿中回收稀土元素 - 批判性评论
DOI：
10.1016/j.cej.2017.10.143
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发表时间：
2018-03
影响因子：
15.1
通讯作者：
Zhang Lifeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu Shengxi;Wang Liangshi;Zhao Longsheng;Zhang Patrick;El Shall Hassan;Moudgil Brij;Huang Xiaowei;Zhang Lifeng
通常，磷酸盐岩平均含有约0.05wt%的稀土元素（REE）。世界磷矿年产量约2.5亿t，是一种潜在的稀土资源。然而，磷矿中稀土含量低，导致技术难度大，成本过高，阻碍了稀土的商业化回收。本文综述了旨在解决这些挑战的成就。以H2SO4、HNO3、HCl、H3PO4分解磷矿为基础，系统地综述了结晶法、沉淀法、溶剂萃取法和离子交换法等多种方法回收磷矿中的稀土元素，其中H2SO4法主要是从磷酸和磷石膏中去除杂质，主要解决产品中稀土元素含量低的问题。在HCl、HNO 3和H3 PO 4工艺中，稀土全部转移到浸出液中，回收研究主要集中在从浸出液中提取稀土。从高磷浸出液中提取稀土元素，结晶法、沉淀法和离子交换法分别因能耗高、杂质多、效率低而被忽视。溶剂萃取法具有良好的综合性能，是一种很有前途的方法。最后，提出了促进我国磷矿中稀土回收技术发展的建议。
Generally, phosphate rock contains about 0.05 wt% rare earth elements (REEs) on average. And the world commercial phosphate rock production is estimated to be 250 million tons per year, that makes phosphate rock a potential new REEs resource. However, low content of REEs in phosphate rock leads to the technical challenges and cost overages, that hindered the commercial recovery of REEs. In this paper, an overview of achievements aiming at solving the challenges is given. Based on the decomposition processes of phosphate rock by H2SO4, HNO3, HCl, H3PO4, various REEs recovery processes via crystallization, precipitation, solvent extraction and ion exchange methods are systematically reviewed.In H2SO4processes, REEs are recovered based on the removal of impurities from phosphoric acid and phosphogypsum since the main challenge is the diluted content of REEs in these products. In the case of HCl, HNO3and H3PO4processes, REEs entirely transfers into leaching solution and the recovery research are mainly focused on REEs extraction from leaching solutions. For REE extraction from high phosphorus content leaching solutions, crystallization, precipitation, and ion exchange methods are currently inconsiderable due to the high energy consumption, impurity involvement and low efficiency, respectively. Solvent extraction seems to be the potential promising method in terms of its good overall performance. Finally, recommendations to promote the development of REEs recovery technologies from phosphate rock are provided.
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影响因子：
3.4
作者：
F. Habashi;F. T. Awadalla;X. Yao
通讯作者：
F. Habashi;F. T. Awadalla;X. Yao
影响因子：
--
作者：
S. Al-Thyabat;P. Zhang
通讯作者：
S. Al-Thyabat;P. Zhang
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
Industrial Minerals and Processing
影响因子：
--
作者：
Zhang Xiao-min
通讯作者：
Zhang Xiao-min
DOI：
10.1080/10426509008040973
发表时间：
1990-09
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
I. Melikhov;Y. Trofimov;D. Chirkst;K. Chalian;Yu. Dibrov
通讯作者：
I. Melikhov;Y. Trofimov;D. Chirkst;K. Chalian;Yu. Dibrov
DOI：
10.1016/j.proeng.2012.09.462
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
Procedia Engineering
影响因子：
--
作者：
I. Hussain
通讯作者：
I. Hussain