Advances in tumor screening, imaging, and avatar technologies for high-grade serous ovarian cancer.
Advances in tumor screening, imaging, and avatar technologies for high-grade serous ovarian cancer.
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DOI：
10.3389/fonc.2014.00322
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Dinulescu DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ohman AW;Hasan N;Dinulescu DM
大多数高级别浆液性卵巢癌病例是在治疗选择有限的晚期被发现的。当疾病广泛传播时，手术在根除疾病方面效果不佳，导致疾病复发率和化疗耐药性较高。目前的筛查技术对于肿瘤的早期检测是无效的，因此，BRCA突变携带者发展为高级别浆液性卵巢癌的风险增加，选择接受降低风险的手术。虽然预防性手术与癌症风险的显著降低有关，但它也会导致手术更年期和显著的副作用。开发有效的早期筛查方案和成像技术对于改善当前患者和风险增加的妇女的结局和生活质量至关重要。此外，为了提供相关的体内测试系统，并促进我们对疾病起源和发展的了解，需要更准确的动物模型。此外，基因工程和肿瘤异种移植动物模型都使新的成像技术和分子靶向治疗的临床前测试成为可能。异种移植技术的最新进展使化身小鼠的创造成为可能，个性化的肿瘤移植可以在治疗前或治疗期间作为个别患者的治疗测试替代品。基于肿瘤移植平台的关键特征，高级别浆液性卵巢癌可能是用于阿凡达模型的理想候选者。该综述探讨了多种策略，包括在患者和动物模型中的新的成像和筛查技术，旨在早期发现癌症并改善疾病预后。
The majority of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma cases are detected in advanced stages when treatment options are limited. Surgery is less effective at eradicating the disease when it is widespread, resulting in high rates of disease relapse and chemoresistance. Current screening techniques are ineffective for early tumor detection and consequently, BRCA mutations carriers, with an increased risk for developing high-grade serous ovarian cancer, elect to undergo risk-reducing surgery. While prophylactic surgery is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of cancer development, it also results in surgical menopause and significant adverse side effects. The development of efficient early-stage screening protocols and imaging technologies is critical to improving the outcome and quality of life for current patients and women at increased risk. In addition, more accurate animal models are necessary in order to provide relevant in vivo testing systems and advance our understanding of the disease origin and progression. Moreover, both genetically engineered and tumor xenograft animal models enable the preclinical testing of novel imaging techniques and molecularly targeted therapies as they become available. Recent advances in xenograft technologies have made possible the creation of avatar mice, personalized tumorgrafts, which can be used as therapy testing surrogates for individual patients prior to or during treatment. High-grade serous ovarian cancer may be an ideal candidate for use with avatar models based on key characteristics of the tumorgraft platform. This review explores multiple strategies, including novel imaging and screening technologies in both patients and animal models, aimed at detecting cancer in the early-stages and improving the disease prognosis.