Update on designing and building minimal cells.

Update on designing and building minimal cells.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.copbio.2010.06.008
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发表时间:
2010-10
影响因子:
7.7
通讯作者:
Forster, Anthony C.
Forster, Anthony C.
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jewett, Michael C.;Forster, Anthony C.

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最小细胞仅包含基本生命所需的基因和生物分子机制。合成最小化和最小化的细胞将提高对核心生物学的理解,促进细菌生物技术菌株的开发,并实现天然和非天然生物聚合物的进化优化。最小细胞的设计和构建正朝着两个不同的方向进行:体内细菌基因组的“自上而下”还原和体外DNA/RNA/蛋白质/膜合成的“自下而上”整合。过去五年的重大进展发生在合成基因组学、大肠杆菌基因组最小化、最小细菌内共生体测序、必需基因鉴定以及生化系统整合等方面。
Minimal cells comprise only the genes and biomolecular machinery necessary for basic life. Synthesizing minimal and minimized cells will improve understanding of core biology, enhance development of biotechnology strains of bacteria, and enable evolutionary optimization of natural and unnatural biopolymers. Design and construction of minimal cells is proceeding in two different directions: “top-down” reduction of bacterial genomes in vivo and “bottom-up” integration of DNA/RNA/protein/membrane syntheses in vitro. Major progress in the last 5 years has occurred in synthetic genomics, minimization of the Escherichia coli genome, sequencing of minimal bacterial endosymbionts, identification of essential genes, and integration of biochemical systems.
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