IN DEFENSE OF THE SIMPLEST QUANTIFIED MODAL LOGIC
IN DEFENSE OF THE SIMPLEST QUANTIFIED MODAL LOGIC
复制标题
捍卫最简单的量化模态逻辑
DOI：
10.2307/2214181
复制
发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
E. Zalta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Linsky;E. Zalta
通过以最直接的方式将经典量化理论的定律与模态命题逻辑K相结合，可以产生最简单的量化模态逻辑。这个简单的QML模型将预测相对化为可能世界，并将量词解释为在单个固定域上的范围。但是简单的QML有许多有争议的特征，其中最重要的是它验证了Barcan公式，并且似乎需要量化而不是可能性。尽管可能主义者使用区分来使简单QML的这些特征不受反对，但现实主义者发现这些区分和有争议的特征难以接受。许多人认为，Kripke模型，其不同的域和限制量词，承诺摆脱QML的Barcan公式，量化的可能性，和其他令人反感的功能，我们还没有描述。不幸的是，Kripke模型本身就有一些让现实主义者望而却步的特征，因此这些哲学家不得不修改（我们对）Kripke模型的理解，以找到一个可接受的QML。虽然我们是可能主义者，但我们理解现实主义者对简单的QML和克里普克模型的怀疑。但在试图修改克里普克模型以产生可接受的QML时，现实主义者采用了复杂的策略和机制。对我们来说，这似乎类似于将本轮引入已经有缺陷的地心说天文学。因为我们已经重新审视了最简单的QML，并发现它具有以下未被宣布的优点：除了具有与可能性相容的解释之外，它还具有与现实主义相容的解释！在本文中，我们集中我们的精力在激励和描述简单的QML的解释，是符合现实主义，因为简单的QML的可能性解释是众所周知的。我们认为，现实主义者不需要使用也reconceive不同领域的Kripke模型，以避免简单的QML的令人反感的功能。
By combining the laws of classical quantification theory with the modal propositional logic K in the most direct manner, one produces the simplest Quantified Modal Logic. The models of this simple QML relativize predication to possible worlds and interpret the quantifiers as ranging over a single, fixed domain. But simple QML has many controversial features, not the least of which are that it validates the Barcan formula and appears to require quantification over possibilia. Whereas possibilists employ distinctions that render these features of simple QML unobjectionable,I actualists find the distinctions and the controversial features difficult to accept. Many thought that Kripke-models, with their varying domains and restricted quantifiers, promised to rid QML of the Barcan formula, quantification over possibilia, and other objectionable features we haven't yet described. Unfortunately, Kripke-models themselves have features at which actualists balk, and so these philosophers have had to modify (our understanding of) Kripke-models to find an acceptable QML. Though we are possibilists, we understand the suspicion with which actualists regard simple QML and Kripke-models. But in their attempt to modify Kripke-models to produce an acceptable QML, actualists employ sophisticated maneuvers and machinery. To us, this seems analogous to introducing epicycles into an already flawed geocentric astronomy. For we have reexamined the simplest QML and have discovered that it has the following, unheralded virtue: in addition to having an interpretation compatible with possibilism, it has an interpretation compatible with actualism! In this paper, we concentrate our energies on motivating and describing the interpretation of simple QML that is compatible with actualism, since the possibilist interpretations of simple QML are well known. We argue that actualists need not use nor reconceive the varying domains of Kripke-models to avoid the objectionable features of simple QML.