SIDS and Infant Sleep Ecology.
SIDS and Infant Sleep Ecology.
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DOI：
10.1093/emph/eou023
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发表时间：
2014-10-16
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Russell CK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ball HL;Russell CK
婴儿猝死综合症（SIDS）是指婴儿意外死亡，在尸检、死亡现场调查和临床病史回顾后仍无法解释的情况[1]。对此类死亡背后机制的探索基本上没有成功。据认为与脑干异常有关。尽管罕见的 SIDS 是 1 个月至 1 岁之间非意外死亡的主要类别，每年影响英国每 3000 名婴儿中就有 1 名婴儿和美国每 2000 名婴儿中就有 1 名婴儿受到影响。通过对 SIDS 病例和匹配对照的回顾性研究，确定了与 SIDS 的关键关联。确定的三个关键因素是：“婴儿内在脆弱性”（早产、低出生体重、男性和产前烟雾暴露）。睡眠期间（夜间或白天）死亡很常见，在 2-3 个月大的“关键发育阶段”发病率最高。第三，SIDS 死亡涉及“暴露于外部压力源”，这是睡眠生态学的一个特征，对婴儿造成了生理挑战。 SIDS 的三重风险模型概括了外部压力源、关键发育期和本质上脆弱的婴儿的综合作用[2]。
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the designation given to the unexpected death of an infant that remains unexplained following post-mortem, death scene investigation and review of clinical history [1]. The search for mechanisms underlying such deaths has been largely unsuccessful; brainstem anomalies are thought to be involved. Although rare SIDS is the leading category of non-accidental deaths between 1 month and 1 year of age, annually affecting one in 3000 babies in the UK and one in 2000 in USA. Key associations with SIDS are identified using retrospective studies of SIDS-cases and matched controls. Three key factors identified are:‘Intrinsic infant vulnerability’(premature birth, low birth weight, male gender and prenatal smoke exposure). Death during sleep (night or day) is typical, with peak prevalence during a ‘critical developmental phase’at 2–3 months of age. Thirdly SIDS deaths involve ‘exposure to an external stressor’, a feature of sleep ecology imposing a physiological challenge on the infant. The confluence of an external stressor, a critical developmental period, and an intrinsically vulnerable infant are encapsulated in the Triple Risk Model for SIDS [2].