Downtown vibrancy influences public health and safety outcomes in urban counties
Downtown vibrancy influences public health and safety outcomes in urban counties
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jth.2015.08.005
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Malizia, Emil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Braun, Lindsay M.;Malizia, Emil
目的：我们探讨了市中心的活力和县级公共卫生和安全的结果之间的关系在48个大型U.S.city.Methods：我们开发了一个复合活力指数的市中心地区在我们的样本，并使用横截面线性回归分析，这个指数与7个公共卫生和安全的结果，在每个市中心所在的县测量。我们还构建了一系列的回归模型，其中的活力指数被分解成其单独的组件，以探索各种尺寸的可达性和城市form.Results：更大的活力与较低的患病率的身体活动和机动车死亡率。振动与行人或自行车死亡风险或糖尿病，肥胖或过早死亡的患病率没有显着相关性。个别措施的可达性和连通性的解释力相媲美的综合指数的身体活动，和混合土地利用有可比的解释力机动车fatals.Conclusions：城市县更充满活力的市中心可能有更有利的人口水平的健康和安全的结果。在考虑与流动性相关的健康和安全结果时，活力的综合和个体指标都提供了有用的见解。投资于充满活力的中心，改善步行能力和可达性可能会鼓励积极的交通。(C)2015爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Aims: We explored the relationship between downtown vibrancy and county-level public health and safety outcomes in 48 large U.S. cities.Methods: We developed a composite vibrancy index for the downtown areas in our sample and used cross-sectional linear regression analysis to relate this index to seven public health and safety outcomes, measured for the county in which each downtown is located. We also constructed a series of regression models in which the vibrancy index was disaggregated into its individual components to explore various dimensions of accessibility and urban form.Results: Greater vibrancy was associated with lower prevalence of both physical inactivity and motor vehicle fatalities. Vibrancy was not significantly correlated with pedestrian or bicycle fatality risks or the prevalence of diabetes, obesity, or premature death. Individual measures of accessibility and connectivity had explanatory power comparable to the composite index for physical inactivity, and mixed land uses had comparable explanatory power for motor vehicle fatalities.Conclusions: Urban counties with more vibrant downtowns may have more favorable population-level health and safety outcomes. Both composite and individual measures of vibrancy offer useful insights when considering mobility-related health and safety outcomes. Investments in vibrant centers that improve walkability and accessibility may encourage active transportation. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.