High temperature of forest fires under pines as a selective advantage over oaks
High temperature of forest fires under pines as a selective advantage over oaks
复制标题
松树下森林火灾的高温是相对于橡树的选择性优势
作者：
G. B. Williamson;E. Black
在许多温带生态系统中，从松林到硬木的演替被火灾打断，导致以松树为主的火灾高潮1 -3。由于自然选择通过演替和火灾两个过程进行，竞争力差的早期演替植物可能表现出火灾促进特性，而上级竞争者的晚期演替植物可能表现出阻燃特性。已经测量了植物叶子的潜在防火和防火特性4 -7，但对生存或繁殖的影响从未在野外得到证实7，8。我们在这里报告说，最高温度，记录在火灾中的混合橡树松树林地，松树下比橡树下，以确保消除竞争力强的上级橡树附近的成年松树。
In many temperate ecosystems succession from pine forest to hardwoods is interrupted by fire, resulting in a fire climax dominated by pines1–3. As natural selection operates through both processes of succession and fire, early serai plants that are poor competitors may exhibit fire-facilitating characteristics whereas late serai plants that are superior competitors may show fire-retarding traits. Potential fire-retarding and fire-facilitating traits of plant foliage have been measured4–7, but then- effects on survival or reproduction have never been demonstrated in the field7,8. We report here that maximum temperatures, recorded during fires in a mixed oak-pine woodland, were sufficiently higher under pines than under oaks to ensure elimination of the competitively superior oaks in the vicinity of adult pines.