Socioeconomic Disparities in Adverse Birth Outcomes A Systematic Review
Socioeconomic Disparities in Adverse Birth Outcomes A Systematic Review
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2010.05.012
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Braveman, Paula A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blumenshine, Philip;Egerter, Susan;Braveman, Paula A.
背景：不良的出生结果，如早产和低出生体重，在整个生命过程中会产生严重的健康后果。出生结果的社会经济差异尚未成为最近系统审查的主题。本研究的目的是系统地回顾文献的社会经济不利与不良的出生结果的关联，特别关注的强度和一致性的影响，社会经济措施，出生结果，和population.Evidence收购：相关文章发表于1999年至2007年，通过电子数据库检索和手动检索的参考文献列表。如果（1）研究目的包括检查出生结局中的社会经济差异，以及（2）结果显示社会经济预测因子与出生体重、胎龄或宫内发育相关的出生结局之间的关联，则纳入工业化国家的英语研究。两名评审员提取数据并独立评定研究质量;数据分析于2008- 2009年。证据综合：106项研究中有93项报告了社会经济指标与出生结局之间的显著相关性，无论是总体上还是在一个人群亚组内。社会经济劣势与社会经济指标、出生结果和国家的风险增加一致相关;许多研究观察到社会经济指标的影响存在种族/民族差异。出生结果的社会经济差异仍然普遍存在，种族或族裔亚组之间存在很大差异，并与多个层面的不利因素有关（个人/家庭，邻里）和时间点（童年，成年），并与不良的健康行为，这本身是社会模式。未来的审查应侧重于确定干预措施，以成功地减少出生结果的社会经济差异。(Am J Prey Med 2010;39（3）;263-272）（C）2010年美国预防医学杂志
Context: Adverse birth outcomes, such as preterm birth and low birth weight, have serious health consequences across the life course. Socioeconomic disparities in birth outcomes have not been the subject of a recent systematic review. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature on the association of socioeconomic disadvantage with adverse birth outcomes, with specific attention to the strength and consistency of effects across socioeconomic measures, birth outcomes, and populations.Evidence acquisition: Relevant articles published from 1999 to 2007 were obtained through electronic database searches and manual searches of reference lists. English-language studies from industrialized countries were included if (1) study objectives included examination of a socioeconomic disparity in a birth outcome and (2) results were presented on the association between a socioeconomic predictor and a birth outcome related to birth weight, gestational age, or intrauterine growth. Two reviewers extracted data and independently rated study quality; data were analyzed in 2008-2009.Evidence synthesis: Ninety-three of 106 studies reported a significant association, overall or within a population subgroup, between a socioeconomic measure and a birth outcome. Socioeconomic disadvantage was consistently associated with increased risk across socioeconomic measures, birth outcomes, and countries; many studies observed racial/ethnic differences in the effect of socioeconomic measures.Conclusions: Socioeconomic differences in birth outcomes remain pervasive, with substantial variation by racial or ethnic subgroup, and are associated with disadvantage measured at multiple levels (individual/family, neighborhood) and time points (childhood, adulthood), and with adverse health behaviors that are themselves socially patterned. Future reviews should focus on identifying interventions to successfully reduce socioeconomic disparities in birth outcomes. (Am J Prey Med 2010;39(3);263-272) (C) 2010 American Journal of Preventive Medicine