Inflammatory process in type 2 diabetes - The role of cytokines
Inflammatory process in type 2 diabetes - The role of cytokines
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1372.039
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kalofoutis, Anastasios
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alexandraki, Krystallenia;Piperi, Christina;Kalofoutis, Anastasios
基于人群的研究表明，炎症标志物与代谢紊乱、肥胖和动脉粥样硬化之间存在密切关系，而炎症被认为是这些临床实体与2型糖尿病（T2 D）之间的“共同土壤”。巨噬细胞在脂肪组织（AT）中的积累、巨噬细胞和脂肪细胞的共同来源、外周单核细胞的普遍存在以及凋亡β细胞本身似乎是T2 D中存在的炎症的来源，因为它们产生炎症过程的介质，即细胞因子。参与T2 D发病机制的主要细胞因子是白细胞介素-1 β（IL-1 β），具有与1型糖尿病中存在的肿瘤坏死因子-α相似的作用（TNF-α）和IL-6，其被认为是炎症的主要调节剂，最近引入的瘦素，以及其他几种，如单核细胞趋化蛋白-1，Leptin，脂联素，在糖尿病发病机制中具有有害或有益的作用。这些分子的表征靶向糖尿病治疗，超越了传统的生活方式改变和药物干预，并朝向确定导致低级别慢性炎症状态的特定分子途径，主要是由于免疫系统的不平衡。
Population-based studies have shown strong relationship between inflammatory markers and metabolic disturbances, obesity, and atherosclerosis, whereas inflammation has been considered as a "common soil" between these clinical entities and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The accumulation of macrophages in adipose tissue (AT), the common origin of macrophages and adipocytes, the prevalent presence of peripheral mononuclear cells, and apoptotic beta cells by themselves seem to be the sources of inflammation present in T2D, since they generate the mediators of the inflammatory processes, namely cytokines. The main cvtokines involved in the pathogenesis of T2D are interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), with an action similar to the one present in type 1 diabetes, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and IL-6, considered as the main regulators of inflammation, leptin, more recently introduced, and several others, such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, resistin, adiponectin, with either deleterious or beneficial effects in diabetic pathogenesis. The characterization of these molecules targeted diabetes treatment beyond the classical interventions with lifestyle changes and pharmaceutical agents, and toward the determination of specific molecular pathways that lead to low grade chronic inflammatory state mainly due to an immune system's unbalance.