A psychology of the human brain-gut-microbiome axis.
A psychology of the human brain-gut-microbiome axis.
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DOI：
10.1111/spc3.12309
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发表时间：
2017-04
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Cryan JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allen AP;Dinan TG;Clarke G;Cryan JF
近年来，我们看到神经科学和生物心理学越来越多地研究大脑，胃肠道，胃肠道内的细菌之间的相互作用，以及这些系统之间的双向关系：脑-肠道-微生物组轴。虽然研究表明肠道微生物群可以影响认知和各种与压力相关的行为，包括与焦虑和抑郁相关的行为，但我们仍然不知道这是如何发生的。更深入地了解心理发展以及社会和文化因素如何影响脑-肠道-微生物组轴，将使该轴在人类中的作用背景化，并为改善脑-肠道-微生物组轴内健康的心理干预提供信息。表面上旨在改善脑-肠-微生物组轴的一部分中的疾病的干预措施（例如，抑郁症的心理治疗）仍然可以影响轴的其他部分（例如，微生物组组成和功能），以及功能性胃肠疾病如肠易激综合征代表轴的疾病，而不是心理学或胃肠功能的孤立问题。心理学学科需要认识到这些相互作用，并有助于为这一新兴研究领域的未来研究议程提供信息。在这篇综述中，我们概述了心理学在理解大脑-肠道-微生物组轴方面所起的作用，重点是人类心理学以及利用实验室动物研究来模拟人类心理学。
In recent years, we have seen increasing research within neuroscience and biopsychology on the interactions between the brain, the gastrointestinal tract, the bacteria within the gastrointestinal tract, and the bidirectional relationship between these systems: the brain–gut–microbiome axis. Although research has demonstrated that the gut microbiota can impact upon cognition and a variety of stress‐related behaviours, including those relevant to anxiety and depression, we still do not know how this occurs. A deeper understanding of how psychological development as well as social and cultural factors impact upon the brain–gut–microbiome axis will contextualise the role of the axis in humans and inform psychological interventions that improve health within the brain–gut–microbiome axis. Interventions ostensibly aimed at ameliorating disorders in one part of the brain–gut–microbiome axis (e.g., psychotherapy for depression) may nonetheless impact upon other parts of the axis (e.g., microbiome composition and function), and functional gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome represent a disorder of the axis, rather than an isolated problem either of psychology or of gastrointestinal function. The discipline of psychology needs to be cognisant of these interactions and can help to inform the future research agenda in this emerging field of research. In this review, we outline the role psychology has to play in understanding the brain–gut–microbiome axis, with a focus on human psychology and the use of research in laboratory animals to model human psychology.