Meditation und Moderne. Zur Genese eines Kernbereichs moderner Spiritualität in der Wechselwirkung zwischen Westeuropa, Nordamerika und Asien. Bde. 1

卡尔·拜尔 1-2。

DOI：

10.1163/15685276-12341261

发表时间：

2013

期刊：

Numen

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作者：

F. Winter

这两卷是深入研究的结果，是一部非常有价值的优秀作品，特别是对于进一步研究西方密教。这篇文章的主要目的是对“西方”中的“冥想”一词和概念的历史进行梳理，“西方”是指从中世纪到现在的欧美视野，重点是德语国家。虽然“冥想”一词最近才变得非常流行，主要是因为据说起源于亚洲的各种冥想技巧的存在，但这个话题本身及其各种解释有着悠久的历史。这段历史深深植根于特定的哲学和神学传统，并从亚洲（即印度教和佛教）宗教思想的接受中获得了重要的推动力，而亚洲宗教思想本身又在特定的知识框架中得到了接受。因此，处理“冥想”意味着将一个人的研究沉浸在两个非常不同的兴趣领域。在卡尔·拜尔的作品中，所有这些都是通过集中于我们所拥有的唯一来源来完成的：由不同作者撰写的书籍和文本。在这方面，卡尔·拜尔的任务是巨大的，可以比作一个挖掘探险到图书馆和收藏品的最深处，往往远离大学图书馆目录和主流学术文献的清晰标记的高速公路。卡尔·拜尔从12世纪到16世纪的这段时期开始他的研究，以卡尔特修会僧侣吉戈二世的《幽闭阶梯》为基督教思想史上具体新发展的起点（第110页）。31-178）。很明显，我们有可能更早地开始这项研究，并寻找古代的相关发展，但将这些中世纪的概念放在这项研究的开始是绝对合理的。在介绍了这些作为真正基督教传统一部分的发展之后，拜尔在接下来的章节中借鉴了非正统思潮在欧洲思想史上的重要性。特别是在这些章节中，新的见解被提供。由于作者正在处理西方哲学和神学传统及其对“东方”的接受的微妙而深远的分歧，

These two volumes are the result of an intensive study, and form an outstanding work which is extremely valuable, especially for the further study of Western Esotericism. The main aim of this contribution is a history of the term and the concept of “meditation” in “the West,” which is the Euro-American horizon, from medieval times to the present, with an emphasis on Germanspeaking countries. Although the term “meditation” became highly popular only recently and mainly because of the presence of all kinds of meditation techniques which are said to be of Asian origin, the topic itself and its various interpretations have a long history. This history is deeply rooted in specifĳic philosophical and theological traditions and received an important impetus from the reception of Asian (ie Hindu and Buddhist) religious thought, which itself was received within specifĳic intellectual frameworks. So, dealing with “meditation” means immersing one’s research in a couple of very difffĳicult areas of interest. In Karl Baier’s work all this is done by concentrating on the only sources we have: the books and texts written by various authors. In this regard Karl Baier’s task is tremendous and can be compared to a mining expedition into the deepest depths of libraries and collections often far removed from the clearly-marked highways of university library catalogues and mainstream academic literature. Therein treasures are sought for and—as we can see here—found.Karl Baier begins his study with the period from the twelfth to the sixteenth centuries, taking the Scala claustralium of the Carthusian monk Guigo II as the starting point of specifĳic new developments within the intellectual history of Christianity (pp. 31–178). It is clear that there would have been a possibility to start this study even earlier and look for the relevant developments in antiquity, but it is absolutely legitimate to place these medieval concepts at the beginning of this study. After the presentation of these developments, which are part of the genuinely Christian tradition, Baier draws on the importance of heterodox currents within European intellectual history in the following chapters. It is especially in these chapters that new insights are offfered. Since the author is dealing with the delicate and far-reaching ramifĳications of the Western philosophical and theological tradition and its reception of “the East,” the

Meditation und Moderne. Zur Genese eines Kernbereichs moderner Spiritualität in der Wechselwirkung zwischen Westeuropa, Nordamerika und Asien. Bde. 1–2. By Karl Baier

卡尔·拜尔 1-2。

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