Mapping cell-matrix stresses during stretch reveals inelastic reorganization of the cytoskeleton
Mapping cell-matrix stresses during stretch reveals inelastic reorganization of the cytoskeleton
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DOI：
10.1529/biophysj.107.124180
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Navajas, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gavara, Nuria;Roca-Cusachs, Pere;Navajas, Daniel
活细胞的机械性质通过细胞骨架张力与细胞信号生物学密切相关。由细胞骨架（CSK）承担的张力部分由肌动球蛋白机制内部产生，部分由拉伸外部产生。在这里，我们研究了细胞骨架张力是如何修改在拉伸和张力变化所经历的网站的细胞-基质相互作用。为此，我们开发了一种新的技术来映射细胞基质应力在应用拉伸。我们发现，细胞基质应力增加施加拉伸，但低于基线水平的拉伸释放。肌动球蛋白机制的抑制导致CSK张力随着拉伸而相对增加，并且拉伸释放后张力下降较小。细胞基质应力图显示，最初承受较大应力的细胞粘附位点在拉伸去除后也表现出较大的牵引力下降。我们的研究结果表明，拉伸部分破坏肌动蛋白-肌球蛋白装置和细胞骨架结构，支持最大的CSK张力。这些发现表明，细胞利用拉伸注入的机械能快速重组其结构并重新分配张力。
The mechanical properties of the living cell are intimately related to cell signaling biology through cytoskeletal tension. The tension borne by the cytoskeleton (CSK) is in part generated internally by the actomyosin machinery and externally by stretch. Here we studied how cytoskeletal tension is modified during stretch and the tensional changes undergone by the sites of cell-matrix interaction. To this end we developed a novel technique to map cell-matrix stresses during application of stretch. We found that cell-matrix stresses increased with imposition of stretch but dropped below baseline levels on stretch release. Inhibition of the actomyosin machinery resulted in a larger relative increase in CSK tension with stretch and in a smaller drop in tension after stretch release. Cell-matrix stress maps showed that the loci of cell adhesion initially bearing greater stress also exhibited larger drops in traction forces after stretch removal. Our results suggest that stretch partially disrupts the actin-myosin apparatus and the cytoskeletal structures that support the largest CSK tension. These findings indicate that cells use the mechanical energy injected by stretch to rapidly reorganize their structure and redistribute tension.