Human exposure to arsenic from groundwater in the Red River and Mekong River Deltas in Vietnam
Human exposure to arsenic from groundwater in the Red River and Mekong River Deltas in Vietnam
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DOI：
10.1080/00207230902759962
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tanabe, Shinsuke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Agusa, Tetsuro;Inoue, Suguru;Tanabe, Shinsuke
地下水砷污染是世界上一个严重的环境问题。然而，在东南亚国家进行的研究很少。本文在前期研究的基础上，对越南地下水和居民的砷污染状况进行了调查。2001-2004年在红河和湄公河三角洲采集了地下水(n=118)、人发(n=59)和尿样(n=100)的样本。大部分地下水样品中均检出砷，含量在0.1~486g/L之间。红河三角洲河南和湄公河三角洲东塔普部分地区地下水中砷含量较高(分别达到486g/L和411g/L)。值得注意的是，这些地下水样本中约有33%超过了世界卫生组织饮用水标准10g/L。这些结果表明，在越南的红河和湄公河三角洲，地下水中的砷污染可能普遍存在。地下水中砷含量与人发砷含量呈显著正相关。人体尿样中砷的形态揭示了无机砷的存在，并且这些浓度与地下水中的砷含量呈正相关。因此，我们研究地区的居民很可能通过饮用地下水长期接触砷，这表明在越南存在砷对健康的风险。
Groundwater contamination by arsenic is a serious environmental problem in the world. Yet there have been few studies conducted in Southeast Asian countries. This article surveys arsenic contamination in groundwater and residents from Vietnam, and is based on our previous studies. Samples of groundwater (n = 118), human hair (n = 59), and urine (n = 100) were collected in the Red River and Mekong River Deltas during 2001-2004. Arsenic was detected in most of the groundwater samples, and its level ranged from 0.1 to 486 g/l. Elevated concentrations of arsenic were observed in groundwater at some locations in Ha Nam (up to 486 g/l) in the Red River Delta and Dong Thap (up to 411 g/l) in the Mekong River Delta. Remarkably, about 33% of these groundwater samples exceeded the WHO drinking water guideline of 10 g/l. These results suggest that arsenic contamination in groundwater may be widely present in both the Red River and Mekong River Deltas, Vietnam. A significant positive correlation was observed between arsenic concentrations in groundwater and human hair. Arsenic speciation of human urine revealed the presence of inorganic arsenic, and these concentrations positively correlated with arsenic levels in groundwater. Thus, it is likely that residents in our study areas are chronically exposed to arsenic through drinking groundwater, suggesting that there is a health risk from arsenic in Vietnam.