Primary Production in Grasslands and Coniferous Forests with Climate Change: An Overview.
Primary Production in Grasslands and Coniferous Forests with Climate Change: An Overview.
复制标题
气候变化下草原和针叶林的初级生产：概述。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
P. Hutchin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Long;P. Hutchin
从能源角度来看，初级生产是全球碳循环的驱动步骤。为了预测生态系统与“温室”效应的相互作用，有必要了解初级生产、消费和分解将如何应对气候变化。对初级生产的大多数估计是根据实测的现存作物外推得出的。对于草地，我们表明这种方法是严重错误的。即使对周转量和地下产量进行了详细的研究，误差也总是很大，严重限制了根据气候与实测产量的相互关系建立的模型的价值。详细的信息是可利用的个别植物过程的响应，个别气候变量在叶，植物，和立场的水平，使潜在的一个更机械的方法在建模。这种方法是有限的，缺乏信息的多元相互作用和一些关键的生理过程，并扩大到人口和社区的不确定性。尽管如此，一些重要的见解，可能的社区的反应，特别是那些C3和C4类型，可能会获得从植物水平和以下的响应知识。本文概述了草原和针叶林气候变化的预期特征。知识生产的各个方面的气候变化的不同生理过程的响应被认为是，其影响更高层次的组织进行了讨论。虽然可行，但生产的机械模型使与个别过程反应有关的误差与相互作用和扩大规模的不确定性相结合，导致对气候变化反应的任何预测都出现非常大的误差。我们的结论是，没有足够的信息来准确预测初级生产对气候变化的反应。需要确定信息不足的关键过程和在不同规模上具有意义的参数。特别有希望的是从光拦截和转换效率预测产量的方法。
In energy terms primary production is the driving step of the global carbon cycle. To predict the interaction of ecosystems with the "greenhoude" effect, it is necessary to understand how primary production, consumption, and decomposition will respond to climate change. Most estimates of primary production have been made by extrapolation from measured standing crops. For grasslands we show this approach to be seriously in error. Even where detailed studies of turnover and belowground production have been undertaken, errors are invariably high, severely limiting the value of models based on correlation of climate with measured production. Detailed information is available on the responses of individual plant processes to individual climatic variables at the leaf, plant, and stand level, giving potential for a more mechanistic approach in modelling. This approach is limited by lack of information on multivariate interactions and on some key physiological processes, and by uncertainties in scaling up to populations and communities. Despite this, some important insights to possible community responses, particularly those of C3 and C4 types, may be gained from knowledge of responses at the plant level and below. This review outlines the expected character of climate change in grasslands and coniferous forests. Knowledge of the responses of different physiological processes underlying production to individual aspects of climate change is considered, and its implications for higher levels of organization are discussed. Although feasible, mechanistic models of production compound the errors associated with individual process responses with uncertainties surrounding interaction and scaling up, and result in very large errors in any prediction of response to climate change. We conclude that there is insufficient information to predict accurately the response of primary production to climate change. The key processes for which information is inadequate and the parameters that have meaning at different scales need to be identified. Of particular promise is the approach of predicting production from light interception and conversion efficiency.