Anaesthetic gases: environmental impact and alternatives
Anaesthetic gases: environmental impact and alternatives
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DOI：
10.1080/22201173.2011.10872803
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
0.3
通讯作者：
Bosenberg, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bosenberg, M.
很少考虑气体麻醉剂使用对环境的影响。目前使用的所有挥发性麻醉剂都是卤化的，化学上类似于氯氟烃（CFC），这使得它们有可能通过臭氧消耗和全球变暖对环境产生负面影响。对气候变化的总体贡献取决于这些环境影响以及释放到大气中的数量。这一审查目前的数据提供了一个洞察挥发性试剂的整体生态毒性，并给出了替代品，可用于限制环境负荷。研究结果表明，全球变暖潜势和臭氧消耗潜势对所有挥发物都很重要，特别是在与一氧化二氮结合使用时。然而，由于与工业和农业来源的气体排放相比，大气水平估计很小，因此对气候变化的实际贡献百分比很小。尽管有这些发现，但不应低估气候变化的小贡献者的累积影响，特别是随着未来麻醉剂数量的增加和氟氯化碳负荷的减少。麻醉师个人的碳足迹会因日常使用挥发性麻醉剂而显著增加，可以使用公认的替代品来最大限度地减少这一点。
Little consideration has been given to the environmental impact of gaseous anaesthetic use. All currently used volatile anaesthetics are halogenated and chemically similar to chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), giving them the potential to impact the environment negatively via both ozone depletion and global warming. Overall contribution to climate change is dependent on both these environmental effects, as well as the quantities released into the atmosphere. This review of the current data provides an insight into the overall ecotoxicity of volatile agents and gives alternatives which may be employed to limit environmental load. Results from the studies reveal that global warming potential and ozone depletion potential are significant for all volatiles, especially when combined with nitrous oxide use. However, because atmospheric levels are estimated to be small when compared to gaseous emissions from industrial and agricultural sources, the actual percentage contribution to climate change is small. Despite these findings, the cumulative effects of small contributors to climate change should not be underestimated, especially with increasing numbers of future anaesthetics and a decreasing CFC load. The carbon footprint of an individual anaesthetist is significantly increased by the daily use of volatile anaesthetic agents and recognised alternatives may be utilised to minimise this.