Reliability Analysis of Operating Systems and Software Stack for Embedded Systems
Reliability Analysis of Operating Systems and Software Stack for Embedded Systems
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嵌入式系统操作系统和软件堆栈的可靠性分析
DOI：
10.1109/tns.2015.2513384
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
P. Rech
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thiago Santini;L. Carro;Flávio Rech Wagner;P. Rech
在本文中，我们研究了通用操作系统的存在如何影响现代嵌入式片上系统（soc）的可靠性。我们通过实验研究了在裸机（即没有底层操作系统）和Linux内核上执行应用程序时，soc中子诱导错误率的差异。我们的分析表明，Linux的存在几乎不会影响静默数据损坏（SDC）率，而如果不采取预防措施，它会大大增加系统功能中断（SEFI）率（高达7.48倍）。然而，我们通过实验证明，可以利用操作系统和应用程序之间的缓存冲突来显著降低linux引起的SEFI速率增加。此外，我们评估了操作系统软件堆栈掩蔽效应，并表明应用程序实现的抽象层越高，其SDC速率越低。此外，我们分析系统可靠性时，不仅考虑到产生的故障率，还考虑到执行（以及暴露）时间。
In this paper, we investigate how the presence of a general purpose operating system influences the reliability of modern embedded Systems-on-Chips (SoCs). We experimentally study the difference in the neutron-induced error rate of SoCs when executing the application bare to the metal (i.e., without an underlying operating system) and on top of the Linux kernel. Our analysis demonstrates that Linux presence barely affects the Silent Data Corruption (SDC) rate whereas it greatly increases the system Functional Interruption (SEFI) rate (up to 7.48 times) if no preventive measures are taken. Nevertheless, we experimentally demonstrate that cache conflicts between the operating system and application can be leveraged to significantly reduce the Linux-induced SEFI rate increase. Moreover, we evaluate the OS software stack masking effect and show that the higher the abstraction layer in which an application is implemented, the lower its SDC rate. Furthermore, we analyze system reliability taking into account not only the resulting failure rates, but also the execution (and, thus, exposure) times.