Remnants of the Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease
Remnants of the Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease
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DOI：
10.2337/dbi19-0007
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Bornfeldt, Karin E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chait, Alan;Ginsberg, Henry N.;Bornfeldt, Karin E.
糖尿病现在是一种流行病。此外，在世界范围内，大量患有前驱糖尿病的人处于发展为坦率糖尿病的风险中。1型和2型糖尿病都增加了动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（CVD）的风险。即使使用他汀类药物治疗以降低LDL胆固醇，糖尿病患者仍具有较高的残余CVD风险。介导剩余风险的因素未完全表征。一个有吸引力的假设是，残余脂蛋白颗粒（RLP），来自脂肪分解的VLDL和乳糜微粒，有助于这种剩余风险。RLP构成了一个异质群体的脂蛋白颗粒，显着不同的大小和组成。虽然缺乏一个普遍接受的定义，但出于本综述的目的，我们将RLP定义为来自乳糜微粒和VLDL的脂解后部分甘油三酯耗尽的颗粒，这些颗粒相对富含胆固醇酯和载脂蛋白（apo）E。来自乳糜微粒的RLP含有apoB48，而来自VLDL的RLP含有apoB100。由于缺乏广泛接受的定义和缺乏准确和精确定量的适当方法，RLP在CVD风险中的作用的清晰度受到阻碍。新的特异性RLP定量方法将大大提高我们对它们的生物学和在糖尿病和其他疾病中促进动脉粥样硬化的作用的理解。
Diabetes is now a pandemic disease. Moreover, a large number of people with prediabetes are at risk for developing frank diabetes worldwide. Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes increase the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Even with statin treatment to lower LDL cholesterol, patients with diabetes have a high residual CVD risk. Factors mediating the residual risk are incompletely characterized. An attractive hypothesis is that remnant lipoprotein particles (RLPs), derived by lipolysis from VLDL and chylomicrons, contribute to this residual risk. RLPs constitute a heterogeneous population of lipoprotein particles, varying markedly in size and composition. Although a universally accepted definition is lacking, for the purpose of this review we define RLPs as postlipolytic partially triglyceride-depleted particles derived from chylomicrons and VLDL that are relatively enriched in cholesteryl esters and apolipoprotein (apo)E. RLPs derived from chylomicrons contain apoB48, while those derived from VLDL contain apoB100. Clarity as to the role of RLPs in CVD risk is hampered by lack of a widely accepted definition and a paucity of adequate methods for their accurate and precise quantification. New specific methods for RLP quantification would greatly improve our understanding of their biology and role in promoting atherosclerosis in diabetes and other disorders.