HIV/AIDS in the Southern USA: A disproportionate epidemic
HIV/AIDS in the Southern USA: A disproportionate epidemic
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DOI：
10.1080/09540121.2013.824535
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发表时间：
2014-03-04
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Gong, Wenfeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Reif, Susan S.;Whetten, Kathryn;Gong, Wenfeng
本研究综合检查了艾滋病毒/艾滋病监测和卫生保健筹资数据，并回顾了相关研究文献，以描述美国南部艾滋病毒流行病学、结果、资金和促成因素，特别关注具有相似人口和疾病特征以及可比艾滋病毒流行病的一组南部州（亚拉巴马、格鲁吉亚、佛罗里达、洛杉矶、密西西比、北卡罗来纳州、南卡罗来纳州、田纳西州和德克萨斯州）。这些州在下文中被称为南方目标州。2011年艾滋病毒诊断率最高的10个州中有8个位于美国南部;其中6个是目标州。2011年，49%的艾滋病毒诊断发生在南方，而南方仅占美国人口的37%。2011年，目标州地区的艾滋病毒诊断率高于美国任何其他地区。南方也被发现有最高的艾滋病毒相关的死亡率和发病率在美国。在南方，特别是在南方的目标州，贫困、艾滋病毒相关的耻辱和性传播疾病的严重程度可能导致艾滋病毒发病率和死亡率的上升。艾滋病毒在南方，特别是在目标国家中造成的不成比例的影响表明，迫切需要改善艾滋病毒的预防和护理工作，并解决该区域导致艾滋病毒疾病的因素。
This research synthesis examined HIV/AIDS surveillance and health care financing data and reviewed relevant research literature to describe HIV epidemiology, outcomes, funding, and contributing factors to the HIV epidemic in the Southern USA with particular focus on a group of Southern states with similar demographic and disease characteristics and comparable HIV epidemics (Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Los Angeles, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas). These states are hereafter referred to as targeted Southern states. Eight of the 10 states with the highest HIV diagnosis rates in 2011 were in the Southern USA; six were targeted states. Forty-nine percent of HIV diagnoses were in the South in 2011, which contains only 37% of the US population. The targeted states region had the highest HIV diagnosis rate than any other US region in 2011. The South was also found to have the highest HIV-related mortality and morbidity rates in the USA. The high levels of poverty, HIV-related stigma, and STDs found in the South, particularly in the targeted Southern states, likely contribute to greater HIV incidence and mortality. The disproportionate impact of HIV in the South, particularly among targeted states, demonstrates a critical need to improve HIV prevention and care and address factors that contribute to HIV disease in this region.