The rheology of crystallizing basaltic lavas from Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira volcanoes, D.R.C.
The rheology of crystallizing basaltic lavas from Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira volcanoes, D.R.C.
复制标题
刚果民主共和国尼拉贡戈火山和尼亚穆拉吉拉火山结晶玄武岩熔岩的流变学
DOI:
10.30909/vol.03.01.0128
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
A. Sehlke
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Aaroon Morrison;A. Whittington;B. Smets;M. Kervyn;A. Sehlke
Nyiragongo (Democratic Republic of Congo) erupts fluid, fast-moving, foidite lavas. Nearby Nyamuragira frequently erupts less mobile tephrite lavas. Nyamuragira flows rarely threaten urbanized areas, but Nyiragongo flows threaten Goma (pop. ~900,000) and surrounding villages, resulting in fatalities in 1977 and 2002. We report new laboratory measurements of viscosity evolution during cooling and crystallization from both volcanoes by concentric cylinder viscometry. Melt viscosity is ~33 Pa s at the liquidus (~1220°C) for Nyiragongo lavas, similar to Hawaiian basalts. Lavas remain fluid over ~75°C of undercooling (ϕc 10 ms-1 even at subliquidus temperatures on low slopes, posing great risk to Goma.