Recent changes in bird populations in British broadleaved woodland
Recent changes in bird populations in British broadleaved woodland
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英国阔叶林地鸟类种群的近期变化
DOI：
10.1111/j.1474-919x.2007.00745.x
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
R. Fuller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Hewson;A. Amar;J. Lindsell;R. Thewlis;S. Butler;Ken W. Smith;R. Fuller
本文介绍了估计国家和地区的数量变化，主要是阔叶林在英国的林地鸟类繁殖在20世纪80年代中期和2003-04年，来自重复林地鸟类调查（RWBS）。在RWBS期间，BTO和RSPB实地工作人员对英国各地共有405个有鸟类种群历史数据的地点进行了重新调查。由于两组在原始调查中使用的实地方法存在差异，RSPB（n = 252）和BTO（n = 153）调查的地点分别估计了变化。1960年代和1970年代以及2003- 2004年之间的变化也仅用BTO数据集进行了估计。BTO和RSPB的站点提供了英国地理上的互补覆盖范围，并且共同提供了比以前的国家监测计划共同鸟类普查（CBC）更广泛的覆盖范围。在全国范围内，在20世纪80年代和2003-04年之间，根据RSPB的数据，有6个物种显著下降，3个物种显著增加，而根据BTO的数据，有8个物种下降，13个物种增加，两个数据集记录的变化之间有很好的对应关系（34个物种中只有7个物种显示出不同的趋势）。根据这两个数据集，有8个物种在全国范围内出现了较大的下降（> 25%）：花园莺Sylvia borin、小红顶雀Carduelis cabaret、小斑啄木鸟Dendrocopos minor、斑姬鹬Muscicapa striata、树皮皮鸟Anthus trivialis、杨柳山雀Poecile montanus、杨柳莺Phylloscopus trochilus和林莺P. sibilatrix。在两个数据集中，有11个物种的数量在全国范围内大幅增加（> 25%）：黑顶西尔维娅、蓝山雀、普通糠莺、煤山雀、大斑啄木鸟、大山雀、大斑啄木鸟、绿色啄木鸟、绿啄木鸟、金冠凤蝶、欧洲知更鸟、欧亚树雀和冬鹪鹩。使用BTO数据集对长期变化进行的分析显示，1960年代至2003-04年期间，有7个物种显著下降，12个物种增加。国家监测计划（CBC/BBS）检测到的小斑啄木鸟、小红头鸟、斑腹鹬、树皮皮、杨柳、杨柳和林莺的大幅下降均得到了RWBS的证实，但红腹灰雀、沼泽山雀和槲鸫的下降并没有得到明确的支持。RWBS检测到的花园柳莺，花姬鹬和普通红尾莺的下降在国家监测计划中并不明显。监测计划发现的大部分增加都得到了RWBS的证实。然而，RWBS检测到的煤山雀、金冠、大山雀和欧亚树雀的大幅增加是出乎意料的。所有长距离移民都减少了，而中距离移民（黑顶和普通雀鲷）增加了。此外，稀有和专门的林地物种的情况不如普通和通用物种。
This paper presents estimated national and regional changes in numbers of breeding woodland birds in predominantly broadleaved woodland in Britain between the mid 1980s and 2003–04, derived from the Repeat Woodland Bird Survey (RWBS). A total of 405 sites across Britain for which historical data on bird populations were available were re-surveyed by BTO and RSPB fieldworkers during the RWBS. Changes were estimated separately for sites surveyed by the RSPB (n = 252) and BTO (n = 153) because of differences between the two groups in the field methods used in the original surveys. Changes between the 1960s and 1970s and 2003–04 were also estimated with the BTO data set only. The BTO and RSPB sites provide geographically complementary coverage of Britain and together provide much more widespread coverage than did the Common Bird Census (CBC), the former national monitoring scheme. Nationally, between the 1980s and 2003–04, six species declined significantly and three increased significantly based on the RSPB data, whereas eight declined and 13 increased according to the BTO data, with good correspondence between the changes recorded by the two data sets (only seven of 34 species showing trends differing in direction). Eight species showed large national declines (> 25%) according to both data sets: Garden Warbler Sylvia borin, Lesser Redpoll Carduelis cabaret, Lesser Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos minor, Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata, Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis, Willow Tit Poecile montanus, Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus and Wood Warbler P. sibilatrix. Eleven species showed large national increases (> 25%) in both data sets: Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla, Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus, Common Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita, Coal Tit Periparus ater, Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major, Great Tit Parus major, Green Woodpecker Picus viridis, Goldcrest Regulus regulus, European Robin Erithacus rubecula, Eurasian Treecreeper Certhia familaris and Winter Wren Troglodytes troglodytes. Analysis of the longer-term changes using the BTO data set showed significant declines between the 1960s and 2003–04 in seven species and increases in 12 species. The large declines detected by the national monitoring schemes (CBC/BBS) for Lesser Spotted Woodpecker, Lesser Redpoll, Spotted Flycatcher, Tree Pipit, Willow Tit, Willow Warbler and Wood Warbler were all confirmed by the RWBS but the declines of the Common Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Marsh Tit Poecile palustris and Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus were not clearly supported. The declines detected by the RWBS for Garden Warbler, Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca and Common Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus were not evident from the national monitoring schemes. Most of the increases detected by the monitoring schemes were confirmed by the RWBS. However, the large increases detected by the RWBS for Coal Tit, Goldcrest, Great Tit and Eurasian Treecreeper were unexpected. All long-distance migrants have declined whilst medium-distance migrants (Blackcap and Common Chiffchaff) have increased. Also, rare and specialist woodland species have fared less well than common and generalist species.