Washed Microbiota Transplantation Accelerates the Recovery of Abnormal Changes by Light-Induced Stress in Tree Shrews.
Washed Microbiota Transplantation Accelerates the Recovery of Abnormal Changes by Light-Induced Stress in Tree Shrews.
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清洗后的微生物群移植可加速树鼩光诱导应激引起的异常变化的恢复
DOI：
10.3389/fcimb.2021.685019
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Gao J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang J;Li Q;Huang Q;Lv M;Li P;Dai J;Zhou M;Xu J;Zhang F;Gao J
肠道和大脑以一种复杂的方式不断地相互作用。对“肠道-脑轴”的研究逐渐揭示了它的复杂性和复杂性。在众多因素中，异常光照是一种潜在的强大压力源，在我们的现代社会中正变得越来越普遍。然而，关于光线导致的熬夜压力如何影响肠道-脑轴，人们知之甚少。为了解决这个问题，我们在15只雄性树鼠身上将正常的昼夜节律光延长了4个小时，以模拟人类熬夜的模式。对树鼠的行为、生化测试、微生物区系动态和脑结构进行了评价。光在环境中的简单延长导致体重减轻、行为差异、总睡眠时间减少和尿皮质醇水平增加的实质性变化。这些改变通过氯胺酮或洗涤微生物区系移植(WMT)的治疗得以挽救。更重要的是，WMT效果的可持续性好于氯胺酮。磁共振成像分析表明，氯胺酮作用于海马和丘脑，WMT主要作用于梨状皮质和外侧膝状体。综上所述，长期光刺激可以改变树鼠的行为、肠道微生物区系组成和脑结构。因此，以微生物群为靶标无疑有望成为治疗神经精神障碍的方法，包括但不限于与压力相关的疾病。
The gut and brain interact constantly in a complex fashion. Its intricacy and intrigue is progressively being revealed in the study of the “gut–brain axis”. Among many factors, abnormal light exposure is a potential powerful stressor, which is becoming ever more pervasive in our modern society. However, little is known about how stress, induced by staying up late by light, affects the gut–brain axis. We addressed this question by extending the normal circadian light for four hours at night in fifteen male tree shrews to simulate the pattern of staying up late in humans. The behavior, biochemical tests, microbiota dynamics, and brain structure of tree shrews were evaluated. The simple prolongation of light in the environment resulted in substantial changes of body weight loss, behavioral differences, total sleep time reduction, and an increased level of urine cortisol. These alterations were rescued by the treatment of either ketamine or washed microbiota transplantation (WMT). Importantly, the sustainability of WMT effect was better than that of ketamine. Magnetic Resonance Imaging analysis indicated that ketamine acted on the hippocampus and thalamus, and WMT mainly affected the piriform cortex and lateral geniculate nucleus. In conclusion, long-term light stimulation could change the behaviors, composition of gut microbiota and brain structure in tree shrews. Targeting microbiota thus certainly holds promise as a treatment for neuropsychiatric disorders, including but not limited to stress-related diseases.