How necessary is monitoring to interlock program success?
How necessary is monitoring to interlock program success?
复制标题
监控对于连锁计划的成功有多必要？
DOI：
10.1080/15389588.2013.876019
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kelley-Baker,Tara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Voas,RobertB;Taylor,Eileen;Kelley-Baker,Tara
目的：大量研究表明，与被吊销驾照的类似违法者相比，在不清醒驾驶违法者的汽车上安装车辆酒精点火联锁装置可将累犯率减少约三分之二。一个尚未解决的问题是，通过密切监控违规者在计划中的表现，可以在多大程度上提高联锁计划的有效性。本文介绍了美国联锁计划中目前使用的 5 种监控类型。 方法：所审查的计划各不相同，从简单地确保联锁装置安装在违法者车辆上并正常运行的方案，到使用联锁日志数据来延长违法者参与联锁计划的时间长度的方案，以及使用联锁数据启动必须在拆除联锁装置之前完成的特殊监控和处理方案的方案。描述了每种类型的程序的优点和局限性。还回顾了当前似乎导致全自动联锁监控系统发展的技术发展。结果：初步证据表明，更密集的监控有助于提高联锁性能，尝试驾驶时较少出现高血液酒精浓度 (BAC) 呼气测试就表明了这一点。尽管有效，但更密集的监管会增加政府项目成本。结论：不同类型监管的相对成本效益需要调查。处理方案需要与联锁安装期相结合。新技术有可能降低联锁罪犯监控成本和有效性。将治疗与联锁相结合可能会带来联锁后的好处。
Objective:Numerous studies have demonstrated that vehicle alcohol ignition interlocks installed on the cars of impaired-driving offenders reduce recidivism by approximately two-thirds in comparison to similar offenders whose licenses have been suspended. An unresolved issue is the extent to which the effectiveness of interlock programs can be improved by close monitoring of the offenders' performance while in the program. This article describes 5 types of monitoring currently being used in interlock programs in the United States.Methods:The programs reviewed vary from those that simply ensure that the interlock is on the offender's vehicle and functioning, to those that use the interlock log data to extend the length of time the offender is required to be in the interlock program, and those that use the interlock data to initiate special monitoring and treatment programs that must be completed before removal of the interlock device. The strengths and limitations of each type of program are described. Also reviewed are current technological developments that appear to be leading to the development of fully automated interlock monitoring systems.Results:Initial evidence shows that more intensive monitoring provides benefits in improved performance on the interlock, as indicated by fewer high blood alcohol concentration (BAC) breath tests when attempting to drive. Although effective, supervision that is more intensive increases government program costs.Conclusions:The relative cost-effectiveness of the differing types of monitoring requires investigation. Treatment programs need to be integrated with the interlock installation period. New technologies can potentially reduce interlock offender monitoring costs and effectiveness. Integrating treatment with the interlock could have postinterlock benefits.