Unconventional oil and gas extraction and animal health
Unconventional oil and gas extraction and animal health
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DOI：
10.1039/c4em00150h
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发表时间：
2014-08-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Oswald, R. E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bamberger, M.;Oswald, R. E.
使用水平钻井和高容量水力压裂（非常规页岩气和致密油开采）从页岩地层中提取碳氢化合物，虽然来自已使用数十年的方法，但却是一种相对较新的创新，首先在美国引入，最近在全球范围内推广。虽然这导致了国内消费和出口的化石燃料的新来源的可用性，但已经提出了有关公共卫生，动物健康和我们的食品供应的过程的安全性的重要问题。由于使用和产生的多种有毒物质，以及钻井、水力压裂和完井过程的复杂性，包括相关的基础设施，如管道、压缩机站和加工厂，对人类和动物健康的影响难以明确评估。我们在这里讨论的调查结果有关的非常规石油和天然气开采的安全性从公共卫生，兽医和食品安全的角度。
The extraction of hydrocarbons from shale formations using horizontal drilling with high volume hydraulic fracturing (unconventional shale gas and tight oil extraction), while derived from methods that have been used for decades, is a relatively new innovation that was introduced first in the United States and has more recently spread worldwide. Although this has led to the availability of new sources of fossil fuels for domestic consumption and export, important issues have been raised concerning the safety of the process relative to public health, animal health, and our food supply. Because of the multiple toxicants used and generated, and because of the complexity of the drilling, hydraulic fracturing, and completion processes including associated infrastructure such as pipelines, compressor stations and processing plants, impacts on the health of humans and animals are difficult to assess definitively. We discuss here findings concerning the safety of unconventional oil and gas extraction from the perspectives of public health, veterinary medicine, and food safety.