Restoration of Acipenser sturio L., 1758 in Germany: Growth characteristics of juvenile fish reared under experimental indoor conditions
Restoration of Acipenser sturio L., 1758 in Germany: Growth characteristics of juvenile fish reared under experimental indoor conditions
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德国 Acipenser strio L., 1758 的复原：室内实验条件下饲养的幼鱼的生长特性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Williot
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Kirschbaum;J. Gessner;P. Williot
高度濒危的鲟鱼的生存，1758年几乎完全取决于圈养亲鱼的建立。1996年，德国根据一项合作协议从法国转移了40个人工繁殖的个体，从而开始采取这种措施。我们报告的结果，饲养这些鱼为期3年的淡水条件下。在第一年期间，只喂养冷冻摇蚊幼虫的鱼（N = 40）从中值27 cm（范围为23-31 cm），平均71 g（42-112 g），生长到43 cm（38-51 cm）和280 g（168-505 g），平均温度为20 °C（13-27 °C）。将其转移到较大的罐中后（约在平均温度21 °C（17-24 °C）的条件下，第2年底，该鱼体长68 cm（56-76 cm），平均体重1 281 g（512-2 097 g）。在第三年的前四个月，生长速度下降和食物转化率（FCR）增加使我们改变了食物组成（增加了大型摇蚊，磷虾和小型海鱼）。在接下来的4个月中，观察到生长增加和FCR降低，导致第3年末的中位长度为76 cm（58-89 cm），体重为1 827 g（855-3 462 g）（N = 27）。我们的鱼在生长方面表现出相当大的差异，一些个体达到了野生鱼中观察到的最大体重增加，因此表明有可能通过未来的测试优化结果，包括额外的天然食物，以开发一种配方饮食来刺激早期性成熟。
The survival of the highly endangered Acipenser sturio L., 1758 depends nearly exclusively upon the establishment of captive broodstocks. Such measures were initiated in Germany in 1996, due to a transfer of 40 artificially reproduced individuals from France under a co-operation agreement. We report the results of rearing these fish for a period of 3 years under freshwater conditions. During the first year the fish being exclusively fed frozen chironomid larvae (N = 40) grew from a median of 27 cm (with range of 23-31 cm), averaging 71 g (42-112 g), to 43 cm (38-51 cm) and 280 g (168-505 g) at a mean temperature of 20 °C (13-27 °C). Following their transfer to larger tanks (approx. 5 m3) at a mean temperature of 21 °C (17-24 °C), the fish (N = 27) reached a length of 68 cm (56-76 cm), averaging 1 281 g (512-2 097 g) at the end of the second year. Decreasing growth and increasing food conversion rates (FCR) during the first four months of the third year made us change the food composition (addition of large chironomids, krill and small marine fish). An increase in growth and a decrease in FCR was observed over the next four months resulting in a median length of 76 cm (58-89 cm), with a weight of 1 827 g (855-3 462 g) at the end of the third year (N = 27). Our fish showed rather large differences in growth, with some individuals reaching the maximum weight gain observed in wild fish, thus indicating the potential to optimise results by future testing involving additional natural food items in order to develop a formulated diet to stimulate early sexual maturation.