Image splicing localization using PCA-based noise level estimation

Image splicing localization using PCA-based noise level estimation
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使用基于 PCA 的噪声水平估计进行图像拼接定位

DOI:
10.1007/s11042-016-3712-8
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发表时间:
2017-02
影响因子:
3.6
通讯作者:
Xaiodan Lin
Xaiodan Lin
中科院分区:
计算机科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hui Zeng;Yifeng Zhan;Xiangui Kang;Xaiodan Lin

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图像拼接是最常见的图像篡改操作之一,篡改后的图像内容通常与原始图像有明显差异。因此,对拼接区域进行定位的法医方法具有重要的现实意义。在这些方法中,基于噪声的方法利用了不同来源的图像往往具有不同的噪声水平这一事实,由于其易于实现和放宽了一些具体的操作假设而受到广泛关注。然而,现有的基于噪声的图像拼接定位方法在原始区域与拼接区域的噪声差较小时,其性能并不理想。本文结合近年来发展起来的噪声水平估计算法,提出了一种有效的图像拼接定位方法。该方法利用基于主成分分析(PCA)的算法对测试图像进行逐块噪声估计,并通过k-means聚类将篡改区域从原始区域中分割出来。实验结果表明,该方法优于几种最先进的方法,特别是在实际图像拼接中,原始区域和拼接区域之间的噪声差异通常很小。
Image splicing is one of the most common image tampering operations, where the content of the tampered image usually significantly differs from that of the original one. As a consequence, forensic methods aiming to locate the spliced areas are of great realistic significance. Among these methods, the noise based ones, which utilize the fact that images from different sources tend to have various noise levels, have drawn much attention due to their convenience to implement and the relaxation of some operation specific assumptions. However, the performances of the existing noise based image splicing localization methods are unsatisfactory when the noise difference between the original and spliced regions is relatively small. In this paper, through incorporation of a recent developed noise level estimation algorithm, we propose an effective image splicing localization method. The proposed method performs blockwise noise level estimation of a test image with principal component analysis (PCA)-based algorithm, and segments the tampered region from the original region by k-means clustering. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over several state-of-the-art methods, especially for practical image splicing, where the noise difference between the original and spliced regions is typically small.
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