Engineered dissipation for quantum information science
Engineered dissipation for quantum information science
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DOI：
10.1038/s42254-022-00494-8
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发表时间：
2022-02
影响因子：
38.5
通讯作者：
P. M. Harrington;E. Mueller;K. Murch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. M. Harrington;E. Mueller;K. Murch
量子信息处理依赖于在存在许多不受控制的环境自由度的情况下对非经典状态的精确控制。相关自由度和环境之间的相互作用通常被认为是有害的，因为它们会耗散能量并消解这里的量子态。尽管如此，当受到控制时，耗散是操纵量子信息的基本工具：耗散工程使量子测量、量子态准备和量子态稳定成为可能。量子技术的进步，标志着特征相干时间的改善和量子控制的可扩展架构，与这种连接量子和经典自由度的耗散工程工具的发展是一致的。本文介绍了耗散作为量子器件测量和控制的一个基本方面，并强调了耗散工程在量子纠错和量子模拟中的作用。
Quantum information processing relies on the precise control of non-classical states in the presence of many uncontrolled environmental degrees of freedom. The interactions between the relevant degrees of freedom and the environment are often viewed as detrimental, as they dissipate energy and decohere quantum states. Nonetheless, when controlled, dissipation is an essential tool for manipulating quantum information: dissipation engineering enables quantum measurement, quantum-state preparation and quantum-state stabilization. The advances in quantum technologies, marked by improvements of characteristic coherence times and extensible architectures for quantum control, have coincided with the development of such dissipation engineering tools that interface quantum and classical degrees of freedom. This Review presents dissipation as a fundamental aspect of the measurement and control of quantum devices, and highlights the role of dissipation engineering in quantum error correction and quantum simulation.