Intestinal Microbiota and Microbial Metabolites Are Changed in a Pig Model Fed a High-Fat/Low-Fiber or a Low-Fat/High-Fiber Diet.
Intestinal Microbiota and Microbial Metabolites Are Changed in a Pig Model Fed a High-Fat/Low-Fiber or a Low-Fat/High-Fiber Diet.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0154329
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Mosenthin R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heinritz SN;Weiss E;Eklund M;Aumiller T;Louis S;Rings A;Messner S;Camarinha-Silva A;Seifert J;Bischoff SC;Mosenthin R
肠道微生物群及其代谢产物似乎是胃肠道功能和健康的重要因素。然而，仍然需要通过适当的动物模型进一步阐述营养，肠道微生物群和宿主健康之间的潜在关系。本研究以猪为模型，研究了两种不同日粮对微生物组成和活性的影响。8头猪平均分配到两个处理，无论是低脂肪/高纤维（LF），或高脂肪/低纤维（HF）的饮食7周。在每个实验周的第7天采集粪便。使用定量实时PCR、DNA指纹图谱和元蛋白质组学评估饮食对粪便微生物群的影响。此外，粪便短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的配置文件和氨浓度进行了测定。LF猪的乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌（P<0.001）和普氏粪杆菌（P<0.05）基因拷贝数较高，HF猪的肠杆菌科细菌基因拷贝数较高（P<0.001）。HF样品中还存在较高数量的肠杆菌科蛋白质。分解多糖的蛋白质几乎完全来源于普雷沃氏菌科。LF处理组猪的总粪便SCFA浓度和个体粪便SCFA浓度较高（P<0.05），而粪便氨浓度在处理组之间没有差异（P>0.05）。结果提供证据表明，从实验开始，LF饮食刺激有益细菌和SCFA产生，特别是丁酸盐（P<0.05），而HF饮食培养那些对健康状况有负面影响的细菌群。这些发现与人类的结果相对应，并且可能加强以下假设：猪肠微生物群对特定饮食调节的反应支持使用猪作为人类评估饮食-肠道-微生物群相互作用的合适动物模型。数据可通过ProteomeXchange获得，标识符为PXD 003447。
The intestinal microbiota and its metabolites appear to be an important factor for gastrointestinal function and health. However, research is still needed to further elaborate potential relationships between nutrition, gut microbiota and host’s health by means of a suitable animal model. The present study examined the effect of two different diets on microbial composition and activity by using the pig as a model for humans. Eight pigs were equally allotted to two treatments, either fed a low-fat/high-fiber (LF), or a high-fat/low-fiber (HF) diet for 7 weeks. Feces were sampled at day 7 of every experimental week. Diet effects on fecal microbiota were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR, DNA fingerprinting and metaproteomics. Furthermore, fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles and ammonia concentrations were determined. Gene copy numbers of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria (P<0.001) and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (P<0.05) were higher in the LF pigs, while Enterobacteriaceae were more abundant in the HF pigs (P<0.001). Higher numbers of proteins affiliated to Enterobacteriaceae were also present in the HF samples. Proteins for polysaccharide breakdown did almost exclusively originate from Prevotellaceae. Total and individual fecal SCFA concentrations were higher for pigs of the LF treatment (P<0.05), whereas fecal ammonia concentrations did not differ between treatments (P>0.05). Results provide evidence that beginning from the start of the experiment, the LF diet stimulated beneficial bacteria and SCFA production, especially butyrate (P<0.05), while the HF diet fostered those bacterial groups which have been associated with a negative impact on health conditions. These findings correspond to results in humans and might strengthen the hypothesis that the response of the porcine gut microbiota to a specific dietary modulation is in support of using the pig as suitable animal model for humans to assess diet-gut-microbiota interactions. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD003447.