Early motor reactivity to observed human body postures is affected by body expression, not gender
Early motor reactivity to observed human body postures is affected by body expression, not gender
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107541
复制
发表时间：
2020-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Avenanti, Alessio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Borgomaneri, Sara;Vitale, Francesca;Avenanti, Alessio
对情绪刺激的早期反应包括对运动反应的短暂抑制，以有利于对情绪相关信息的监控。使用经颅磁刺激（TMS），我们之前已经表明，观看情绪化的身体姿势会导致运动兴奋性的早期和短暂性降低。然而，尚不清楚对情绪体的早期运动反应是自动的还是受到自上而下的因素（如任务或性别相关的影响）的影响。为了解决这些问题，我们在观察恐惧表情、快乐表情、中性运动和中性静态身体姿势的静止图像时，对右运动皮层（M1）进行了经颅磁刺激，并记录了处理早期阶段（即刺激开始后100-125 ms）的运动诱发电位（MEPs）。为了测试性别相关的影响，我们向男性和女性参与者展示了男性和女性模型。为了测试与任务相关的影响，我们要求参与者将不同的身体姿势分为四种（4AFC：恐惧、快乐、中性运动或静态姿势）或两种不同的类别（2AFC：情绪或中性姿势）。结果显示，与中性运动和静态姿势相比，恐惧和快乐的身体姿势的MEPs减少了。这种运动抑制不受行动者的性别、观察者的性别或执行的任务的影响。这些发现表明，对观察到的人体姿势的早期运动反应受到观察模型所显示的表达类型的影响，而不是与任务或性别相关的影响，这表明这些反应可能是相对自动的。
The early response to emotional stimuli involves a transient suppression of motor reactivity to favor monitoring of emotionally relevant information. Using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), we have previously shown that viewing emotional body postures induces an early and transient reduction in motor excitability. Yet, it remains unclear whether early motor responses to emotional bodies are automatic or influenced by top-down factors such as task- or gender-related effects. To address these issue, we administered TMS over the right motor cortex (M1) during observation of still pictures of fearful expressions, happy expressions, neutral movements and neutral static body postures, and recorded motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) at an early phase of processing (i.e., at 100-125 ms from stimulus onset). To test gender-related effects, we presented male and female models to male and female participants. To test task-related effects, we asked participants to categorize the different body postures into either four (4AFC: fearful, happy, neutral movements, or static postures) or two distinct categories (2AFC: emotional or neutral postures). Results showed a reduction of MEPs for fearful and happy body postures relative to neutral movements and static postures. This motor suppression was not influenced by the gender of the actor, the gender of the observer, or the task performed. These findings indicate that early motor responses to observed human body postures are affected by the type of expression displayed by the observed model more than by task- or gender-related effects, suggesting these responses may be relatively automatic.