What is known about school-based interventions for health promotion and their impact in developing countries? A scoping review of the literature
What is known about school-based interventions for health promotion and their impact in developing countries? A scoping review of the literature
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DOI：
10.1093/her/cyw040
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Johri, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mukamana, O.;Johri, M.
学校可以通过提高学生的健康素养、健康行为和健康学习成绩来发挥健康促进的重要作用。在面临卫生知识普及率低和疾病负担高的挑战的发展中国家，学校卫生宣传特别有价值。我们对已发表的文献进行了范围审查，重点关注发展中国家以学校为基础的健康促进干预措施及其影响。我们纳入了30项符合特定标准的研究：（i）主要针对学龄儿童或青少年的研究;（ii）可接受的设计是随机对照试验，对照前后研究或中断时间序列;（iii）研究包括至少一种影响措施;（iv）主要研究或系统评价。我们发现，以学校为基础的干预措施可以分为两大类：那些针对个人的健康决定因素，如知识，技能和健康行为和那些针对环境的决定因素，如在学校，家庭和社区一级的社会和物理环境。研究结果表明，解决个人和环境决定因素的综合方法可以引起长期的行为改变，并显着改善健康和教育成果。我们强调需要进一步研究发展中国家学校干预措施对健康结果的长期影响。
Schools can play an important role in health promotion mainly by improving students' health literacy, behaviors and academic achievements. School-based health promotion can be particularly valuable in developing countries facing the challenges of low health literacy and high burden of disease. We conducted a scoping review of the published literature focusing on school-based interventions for health promotion and their impact in developing countries. We included 30 studies meeting specific criteria: (i) studies mainly targeted school going children or adolescents; (ii) admissible designs were randomized controlled trials, controlled before-after studies or interrupted time series; (iii) studies included at least one measure of impact and (iv) were primary studies or systematic reviews. We found that school-based interventions can be classified in two main categories: those targeting individual determinants of health such as knowledge, skills and health behaviors and those targeting environmental determinants such as the social and physical environment at the school, family and community level. Findings suggest that a comprehensive approach addressing both individual and environmental determinants can induce long-term behavior change and significantly improve health and educational outcomes. We highlight the need for further study of the long-term impact of school-based interventions on health outcomes in developing countries.