Rationale, design, and baseline data of a cross-national randomized trial on the effect of built shade in public parks for sun protection
Rationale, design, and baseline data of a cross-national randomized trial on the effect of built shade in public parks for sun protection
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cct.2017.02.005
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Buller, Mary Klein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Buller, David B.;Dobbinson, Suzanne;Buller, Mary Klein
环境的结构可以减少太阳紫外线辐射（UV）暴露，以预防皮肤癌。正在进行一项前瞻性随机试验，以测试在公共公园的被动娱乐区（PRA）引入遮阳帆是否会增加使用，并减少与未遮阳PRA相比的遮阳PRA的紫外线暴露。将比较澳大利亚墨尔本和美国丹佛的阴影效果。该试验招募了145个具有适合遮阳建设的PRA的公园，并以1：3的比例将公园随机分为干预组或对照组。使用PRA和紫外线水平记录在每个公园由训练有素的观察员在30分钟的时间内，在四个周末的两个夏天（前测试和后测试）。夏季之间建造了遮阳帆。考虑到预测试时的用户数量较少，将结局指标修改为使用PRA（使用与未使用），并将分析单位修改为个体观察结果。观测（n = 580）发生在平均29天的夏至和55分钟的太阳正午在温暖的天气（平均= 26.2摄氏度），有一些云层覆盖，但只有轻微或没有风。通常，PRA有长凳和野餐桌，位于游乐场附近。在133%的观察期间使用PRA（平均值= 0.41用户）。PRA边界（平均值= 32标准剂量[SED]）和中心（平均值= 3.3 SED）30分钟内的UV较高。阴影对皮肤癌的预防作用还未得到充分研究。这项研究将通过确定专门建造的遮阳结构是否能促进公园内更多地使用遮阳区域来解决这一差距。(C)2017爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Environments can be structured to reduce solar ultraviolet radiation (UV) exposure to prevent skin cancer. A prospective randomized trial is being conducted to test whether introducing shade sails in passive recreation areas (PRAs) in public parks will increase use and decrease UV exposure in the shaded compared to unshaded PRAs. Shade effects will be compared between Melbourne, Australia and Denver, USA. The trial enrolled 145 public parks with PRAs suitable for shade construction and randomized parks to intervention or control in a 1:3 ratio. Use of PRAs and UV levels were recorded at each park by trained observers during 30-minute periods on four weekend days in each of two summers (pretest and posttest). Shade sails were constructed between the summers. Given low numbers of users at pretest, the outcome measure was modified to use of the PRA (use vs. no use) and unit of analysis to the individual observation. Observations (n = 580) occurred on average 29 days from the summer solstice and 55 min from solar noon in warm weather (mean = 26.2 degrees C) with some cloud cover but only slight or no wind. Typically, PRAs had benches and picnic tables and were located near playgrounds. PRAs were in use during 133% of observations (mean = 0.41 users). UV over 30-minutes at the PRA boundary (mean = 32 standard erythemal dose [SED]) and center (mean = 3.3 SED) was high. Shade for skin cancer prevention has been understudied. This study will address this gap by determining whether purpose-built shade structures promote greater use of shaded areas within public parks. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.