HIV-1 Tat and host AFF4 recruit two transcription elongation factors into a bifunctional complex for coordinated activation of HIV-1 transcription.

HIV-1 Tat and host AFF4 recruit two transcription elongation factors into a bifunctional complex for coordinated activation of HIV-1 transcription.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2010.04.013
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发表时间:
2010-05-14
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Zhou Q
Zhou Q
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
He N;Liu M;Hsu J;Xue Y;Chou S;Burlingame A;Krogan NJ;Alber T;Zhou Q

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HIV - 1的Tat蛋白将P - TEFb激酶招募到病毒启动子处,触发RNA聚合酶II的磷酸化,并使其从启动子近端的暂停状态脱离。然而,尚不清楚Tat是否招募其他宿主因子来进一步刺激HIV - 1转录。通过一种连续亲和纯化方案,我们已鉴定出人转录因子/共激活因子AFF4、ENL、AF9以及延伸因子ELL2为Tat - P - TEFb复合物的组成成分。通过Tat和AFF4的桥接作用,P - TEFb和ELL2结合形成一个双功能延伸复合物,极大地激活HIV - 1转录。在没有Tat的情况下,AFF4能够介导ELL2 - P - TEFb相互作用,尽管效率不高。Tat通过将更多的ELL2带到P - TEFb并在一个需要有活性的P - TEFb的过程中稳定ELL2,克服了这一局限。Tat使两类不同的延伸因子能够协作并协调它们对同一聚合酶的作用的能力,解释了为什么Tat是HIV - 1转录如此强大的激活因子。
Recruitment of the P-TEFb kinase by HIV-1 Tat to the viral promoter triggers the phosphorylation and escape of RNA polymerase II from promoter-proximal pausing. It is unclear, however, if Tat recruits additional host factors that further stimulate HIV-1 transcription. Using a sequential affinity-purification scheme, we have identified human transcription factors/coactivators AFF4, ENL, AF9, and elongation factor ELL2 as components of the Tat-P-TEFb complex. Through the bridging functions of Tat and AFF4, P-TEFb and ELL2 combine to form a bifunctional elongation complex that greatly activates HIV-1 transcription. Without Tat, AFF4 can mediate the ELL2-P-TEFb interaction, albeit inefficiently. Tat overcomes this limitation by bringing more ELL2 to P-TEFb and stabilizing ELL2 in a process that requires active P-TEFb. The ability of Tat to enable two different classes of elongation factors to cooperate and coordinate their actions on the same polymerase enzyme explains why Tat is such a powerful activator of HIV-1 transcription.
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