Work improvement and occupational safety and health management systems: common features and research needs.
Work improvement and occupational safety and health management systems: common features and research needs.
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DOI：
10.2486/indhealth.40.121
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发表时间：
2002-04
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
K. Kogi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Kogi
有一个日益增长的趋势，重新定位职业健康研究的风险管理。由于对职业安全和健康管理系统的日益重视，这一趋势加快了。许多亚洲国家也出现了这一趋势，为加强初级预防提供了新的机会。最近有关技术转让、小型工作场所和农村地区的工作改进项目提供了有用的例子。这两个工作改进项目和公认的职业风险管理原则的共同特点进行审查的基础上，最近在亚洲国家的经验。这些特点似乎高度相关的职业健康研究策略的审查。这些经验清楚地表明，必须制定适合当地情况的风险评估和控制程序。新的研究需要涉及：（a）鼓励工作场所自愿控制的有效方法;（B）地方风险评估的实用方法;（c）导致在不同地方情况下不断改进的参与性步骤的类型。标准的面向行动的研究，可以有助于更有效的风险控制在不同的设置进行了讨论。可提及六项相关标准：（a）适应性风险管理;（B）工作/风险关系;（c）面向行动的风险评估;（d）利用集体专门知识;（e）当地人民的参与;（f）相互学习。看来至关重要的是，应鼓励研究适合当地情况的实际风险控制程序。
There is a growing trend in re-orientating occupational health research towards risk management. Such a trend is accelerated by the increasing attention to occupational safety and health management systems. The trend, also seen in many Asian countries, is offering new opportunities for strengthening primary prevention. Useful examples are provided from recent work improvement projects dealing with technology transfer, small workplaces and rural areas. Common features of both these work improvement projects and accepted occupational risk management principles are reviewed based on recent experiences in Asian countries. Such features seem highly relevant in examining the occupational health research strategies. These experiences clearly show that locally adjusted procedures for risk assessment and control must be developed. There are new research needs concerning (a) the effective ways to encourage voluntary control at the workplace; (b) practical methods for local risk assessment; and (c) the types of participatory steps leading to continual improvements in the varying local context. Criteria of action-oriented research that can contribute to more effective risk control in different settings are discussed. Six relevant criteria may be mentioned: (a) adaptive risk management; (b) work/risk relationships; (c) action-oriented risk assessment; (d) use of collective expertise; (e) participation of local people; and (f) mutual learning. It appears crucial to stimulate research into the practical risk control procedures adjusted to the local situation.