Molecular Identification and Toxin Analysis of Alexandrium spp. in the Beibu Gulf: First Report of Toxic A. tamiyavanichii in Chinese Coastal Waters.
Molecular Identification and Toxin Analysis of Alexandrium spp. in the Beibu Gulf: First Report of Toxic A. tamiyavanichii in Chinese Coastal Waters.
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亚历山大藻的分子鉴定及毒素分析。在北部湾海域首次发现有毒A.中国近海沃茨中的tamiyavanichii
DOI：
10.3390/toxins13020161
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发表时间：
2021-02-18
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Anderson DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu Y;He X;Li H;Zhang T;Lei F;Gu H;Anderson DM
近年来，中国发生有害藻华(HABS)的频率有所增加。在中国，有关有害甲藻和麻痹性贝类毒素(PST)的信息仍然有限，特别是在北部湾，那里贝类中的PST多次超过食品安全指南。为了探索该地区PSTs威胁的性质，从北部湾水域分离了8株亚历山大藻，并对其进行了大亚基(LSU)rDNA、小亚基(SSU)rDNA和内转录间隔区(ITS)序列的系统发育分析。用LC-MS/MS法测定了它们的毒素组成。所有8个菌株都与来自其他地方的拟源金线虫、拟金线虫和塔米亚瓦尼希菌聚在一起，形成了三个分解良好的类群。三种亚历山大藻种内遗传距离显著小于亚历山大藻种间遗传距离。因此，北部湾分离株被归类为拟同源弧菌、拟同源异源线虫和达米亚瓦尼支原体。在拟原甲藻中未检测到PSTs，但在塔米亚瓦氏原甲藻中检测到低水平的弓形虫毒素(GTXs)1~5和岩藻毒素(STX)(总计4.60fmol/cell)。这种极低的毒性水平与北部湾内多次超过监管水平的PST检测结果不一致，这表明这些水域可能出现了毒性较高的菌株，但没有进行采样。还提出了其他解释，包括PST在贝类中的生物转化以及其他产生PST的藻类的存在。了解亚历山大藻的毒性和系统发育，为保护北部湾地区的公共卫生和缓解赤潮事件提供了基础数据。
The frequency of harmful algal blooms (HABs) has increased in China in recent years. Information about harmful dinoflagellates and paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) is still limited in China, especially in the Beibu Gulf, where PSTs in shellfish have exceeded food safety guidelines on multiple occasions. To explore the nature of the threat from PSTs in the region, eight Alexandrium strains were isolated from waters of the Beibu Gulf and examined using phylogenetic analyses of large subunit (LSU) rDNA, small subunit (SSU) rDNA, and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. Their toxin composition profiles were also determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). All eight strains clustered in the phylogenetic tree with A. pseudogonyaulax, A. affine, and A. tamiyavanichii from other locations, forming three well-resolved groups. The intraspecific genetic distances of the three Alexandrium species were significantly smaller than interspecific genetic distances for Alexandrium species. Beibu Gulf isolates were therefore classified as A. pseudogonyaulax, A. affine, and A. tamiyavanichii. No PSTs were identified in A. pseudogonyaulax, but low levels of gonyautoxins (GTXs) 1 to 5, and saxitoxin (STX) were detected in A. tamiyavanichii (a total of 4.60 fmol/cell). The extremely low level of toxicity is inconsistent with PST detection above regulatory levels on multiple occasions within the Beibu Gulf, suggesting that higher toxicity strains may occur in those waters, but were unsampled. Other explanations including biotransformation of PSTs in shellfish and the presence of other PST-producing algae are also suggested. Understanding the toxicity and phylogeny of Alexandrium species provides foundational data for the protection of public health in the Beibu Gulf region and the mitigation of HAB events.
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影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Deeds JR;Landsberg JH;Etheridge SM;Pitcher GC;Longan SW
通讯作者：
Longan SW
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Anderson DM;Alpermann TJ;Cembella AD;Collos Y;Masseret E;Montresor M
通讯作者：
Montresor M
DOI：
10.1016/j.dsr2.2005.06.026
发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
3
作者：
Etheridge, SM;Roesler, CS
通讯作者：
Roesler, CS
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Anderson, DM;Kulis, DM;Lin, YT
通讯作者：
Lin, YT
中国沿海亚历山大藻（甲藻纲）物种的形态、毒性和系统发育
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Gu, Haifeng;Zeng, Ni;Krock, Bernd
通讯作者：
Krock, Bernd