Anatomy and physiology of feeding and swallowing: normal and abnormal.

Anatomy and physiology of feeding and swallowing: normal and abnormal.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.pmr.2008.06.001
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发表时间:
2008-11
影响因子:
1.7
通讯作者:
Palmer, Jeffrey B.
Palmer, Jeffrey B.
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Matsuo, Koichiro;Palmer, Jeffrey B.

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进食和吞咽是一种复杂的行为,涉及30多个神经和肌肉的意志和反射活动。它们有两个重要的生物学特征:食物从口腔到胃的通道和气道保护。根据丸剂的位置,吞咽过程通常分为口腔、咽部和食道三个阶段。吃固体食物和喝液体食物在口腔和口咽部的运动是不同的。吞咽困难可由口腔、咽、喉或食道的各种功能或结构缺陷引起。吞咽困难康复的目标是识别和治疗进食和吞咽异常,同时保持安全有效的营养和水合作用。
Eating and swallowing are complex behaviors involving volitional and reflexive activities of more than 30 nerves and muscles. They have two crucial biological features: food passage from the oral cavity to stomach and airway protection. The swallowing process is commonly divided into oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal stages according to the location of the bolus. The movement of the food in the oral cavity and to the oropharynx differs between eating solid food and drinking liquid. Dysphagia can result from a wide variety of functional or structural deficits of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx or esophagus. The goal of dysphagia rehabilitation is to identify and treat abnormalities of feeding and swallowing while maintaining safe and efficient alimentation and hydration.
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