Degrees of democracy - Some comparative lessons from India
Degrees of democracy - Some comparative lessons from India
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DOI：
10.1017/s0043887100020086
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发表时间：
2000-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Heller, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heller, P
本文以印度为例，通过探讨民主的形式、有效和实质层面之间的动态相互作用来解决民主化问题。印度53次几乎不间断的民主统治对减少印度受欢迎阶层在政治、社会和经济上的边缘化几乎没有起到什么作用。在印度，喀拉拉邦是个例外。民主制度有效地管理了社会冲突。也帮助确保了从属阶层的实质性收益。喀拉拉邦背离国家轨道的原因在于社会动员的历史模式，这种社会动员模式围绕着下层阶级的利益，产生了有利于深化民主的国家-社会参与形式。与许多过渡文献相反，这一案例表明，高水平的动员和再分配需求具有加强民主的效果。
This article draws on the case of India to address the question of democratization by exploring the dynamic interplay of the formal, effective, and substantive dimensions of democracy. Fifty-three pars of almost uninterrupted democratic rule in India have done little to reduce the political, social, and economic marginalization of India's popular classes. Within India thr state of Kerala stands out as an exception. Democratic institutions have effectively managed social conflict. and have also helped secure substantive gains for subordinate classes. Kerala's departure from the national trajectory is located in historical patterns of social mobilization that coalesced around lower-class interests and produced forms of state-society engagement conducive to democratic deepening. Contrary to much of the transition literature, this case suggests that high levels of mobilization and redistributive demands have democracy-enhancing effects.