Fracture risk associated with a fall according to type of fall among the elderly
Fracture risk associated with a fall according to type of fall among the elderly
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DOI：
10.1007/s001980070086
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Kivelä, SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luukinen, H;Herala, M;Kivelä, SL
跌落的动能和方向有助于断裂的发生。然而，人们对与不同类型的跌倒、不同能量和不同着陆方向相关的骨折风险知之甚少。我们使用密集跌倒记录，记录了半农村家庭老年人口 (n = 980) 7 年来的所有跌倒和跌倒相关骨折。根据发生的类型和地点，跌倒分为滑倒跌倒（SLF）、绊倒跌倒（TRF）、其他外在水平跌倒（OEF）、内在水平跌倒（IF）、楼梯跌倒（STF）、从上层跌落（ULF）和发生在室内或室外的非限定跌倒（NDF）。计算整个随访期间的跌倒和骨折发生率。对人群进行临床检查，评估骨折的一般危险因素，然后根据不同的跌倒类型确定首次跌倒时的骨折风险。与内在水平下降进行比较。室内和室外跌倒的总发生率分别为每 1000 人年 (PY) 328 例 (95% CI 314-345) 和 198 例 (186-210)，骨折发生率分别为每 1000 人年 23 例 (19-27) 例和 11 例 (8-14)。在整个研究期间，室内 SLF、TRF、OEF、If、STF、ULF 和 NDF 的发生相对均匀。与 Ifs 相比，SLF、OEF 和 STF 的粗略和调整后相对骨折风险更大。对于老年人来说，室内跌倒和骨折比室外发生的情况更常见。 SLF、OEF 和 STF 中产生的动能可能高于 Ifs 中产生的动能，导致骨折风险增加。
The kinetic energy and direction of a fall contribute to the occurrence of fracture. However, the fracture risk associated with different types of fall, different amounts of energy and different landing directions is poorly understood.We recorded all falls and fall-related fractures over 7 years in an aged semi-rural home-dwelling population (n = 980), using intensive fall recording. The falls were classified according to type and place of occurrence into slip falls (SLFs), trip falls (TRFs), other extrinsic falls on the level (OEFs), intrinsic falls on the level (IFs), stair falls (STFs), falls from an upper level (ULFs) and nondefined falls (NDFs) occurring indoors or outdoors. Incidences of falls and fractures were calculated for the whole follow-up period. The population was clinically examined to assess general risk factors of fracture, after which the risk of fracture was determined in the first fall according to the different fall types. Comparison was made with intrinsic falling on the level. The overall incidences of indoor and outdoor falls were 328 (95% CI 314-345) and 198 (186-210) per 1000 person-years (PY), respectively, and those of fractures 23 (19-27) and 11 (8-14) per 1000 PY, respectively. Indoor SLFs, TRFs, OEFs, Ifs, STFs, ULFs and NDFs occurred relatively evenly throughout the study period. The crude and adjusted relative fracture risks were greater in SLFs, OEFs and STFs compared with Ifs. Indoor falls and fractures are more common than those occurring outdoors in aged home-dwelling persons. The kinetic energies produced in SLFs, OEFs and STFs may be higher than those generated in Ifs, leading to increased risk of fracture.