WattsKit: Software-Defined Power Monitoring of Distributed Systems
WattsKit: Software-Defined Power Monitoring of Distributed Systems
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DOI：
10.1109/ccgrid.2017.27
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发表时间：
2017-05
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Maxime Colmant;P. Felber;Romain Rouvoy;L. Seinturier
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文献类型：
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作者：
Maxime Colmant;P. Felber;Romain Rouvoy;L. Seinturier
设计和部署高能效的分布式系统是一项具有挑战性的任务，这要求软件工程师考虑系统的所有层，从硬件到软件。具体地说，当以比观察托管节点的功耗更精细的粒度为目标时，监视和分析跨多个潜在的异类节点的分布式系统的功耗变得特别乏味。针对目前最新的软件电能表无法提供自适应的解决方案来提供这种服务级别的视角和应对硬件CPU体系结构的多样性，本文提出了自动学习支持分布式系统的节点的功率模型，然后使用这些推断的功率模型来更好地理解运行时系统进程的功耗是如何跨节点分布的。我们的解决方案名为WattsKit，它提供了一个模块化的工具包，可以“按菜单”构建软件定义的电能表，从而满足用户和硬件需求的多样性。除了展示了高精度覆盖多种CPU架构的能力之外，我们还说明了采用软件定义的功率计来分析复杂的分层和分布式系统的功耗的好处。特别是，我们说明了我们的方法能够监控由Docker Sarm、Weave、Elasticearch和ApacheZooKeeper组成的系统的功耗。多亏了WattsKit，开发人员和管理员现在能够识别他们的软件基础设施中潜在的电力泄漏。
The design and the deployment of energy-efficient distributed systems is a challenging task, which requires software engineers to consider all the layers of a system, from hardware to software. In particular, monitoring and analyzing the power consumption of a distributed system spanning several—potentially heterogeneous—nodes becomes particularly tedious when aiming at a finer granularity than observing the power consumption of hosting nodes. While the state-of-the-art in software-defined power meters fails to deliver adaptive solutions to offer such service-level perspective and to cope with the diversity of hardware CPU architectures, this paper proposes to automatically learn the power models of the nodes supporting a distributed system, and then to use these inferred power models to better understand how the power consumption of the system's processes is distributed across nodes at runtime. Our solution, named WattsKit, offers a modular toolkit to build software-defined power meters "à la carte", thus dealing with the diversity of user and hardware requirements. Beyond the demonstrated capability of covering a wide diversity of CPU architectures with high accuracy, we illustrate the benefits of adopting software-defined power meters to analyze the power consumption of complex layered and distributed systems. In particular, we illustrate the capability of our approach to monitor the power consumption of a system composed of Docker Swarm, Weave, Elasticsearch, and Apache Zookeeper. Thanks to WattsKit, developers and administrators are now able to identify potential power leaks in their software infrastructure.