Changing internal constraints on action: The role of backward inhibition
Changing internal constraints on action: The role of backward inhibition
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DOI：
10.1037/0096-3445.129.1.4
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Keele, SW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mayr, U;Keele, SW
灵活的行动控制需要从以前的目标或任务集中解脱出来的能力。作者测试了这样一个假设，即在任务集之间的有意转换过程中，脱离会伴随着对前一个任务集的抑制（“向后抑制”）。作为向后抑制的一种表达，作者预测，当转移到最近不得不放弃的任务集时，反应时间会增加，因此会遭受残余抑制。在6个不同的实验中获得了临界后向抑制对抽象知觉任务集水平的影响。此外，研究表明，反向抑制可以与负启动区分开来（实验2），它与自上而下的顺序控制（实验3）有关，它至少可以部分解释集合移动实验中的“剩余移动成本”（实验4），甚至在预先计划的任务集序列中也会发生（实验5）。
Flexible control of action requires the ability to disengage from previous goals or task sets. The authors tested the hypothesis that disengagement during intentional shifts between task sets is accompanied by inhibition of the previous task set ("backward inhibition"). As an expression of backward inhibition the authors predicted increased response times when shifting to a task set that had to be abandoned recently and, thus, suffers residual inhibition. The critical backward inhibition effect on the level of abstractly defined perceptual task sets was obtained across 6 different experiments. In addition, it was shown that backward inhibition can be differentiated from negative priming (Experiment 2), that it is tied to top-down sequential control (Experiment 3), that it can account at least partially for "residual shift costs" in set-shifting experiments (Experiment 4), and that it occurs even in the context of preplanned sequences of task sets (Experiment 5).