Nuclear spin-wave quantum register for a solid-state qubit
Nuclear spin-wave quantum register for a solid-state qubit
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/s41586-021-04293-6
复制
发表时间：
2021-08
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Andrei Ruskuc;Chun Wu;Jake Rochman;Joonhee Choi;A. Faraon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andrei Ruskuc;Chun Wu;Jake Rochman;Joonhee Choi;A. Faraon
固态核自旋围绕着单个的、光学可寻址的量子比特，是量子网络、计算、和模拟的关键资源。尽管通常选择具有稀疏核自旋浴的宿主来减轻量子位退相干，但在核自旋丰富的宿主中开发相干量子系统能够探索更广泛的量子信息应用材料。这些密集核自旋系综的集体模式为量子存储提供了天然的基础;然而，将它们用作单自旋量子比特的资源迄今为止仍然难以捉摸。在这里，通过使用一个高度相干的，光学寻址171 Yb 3+量子比特掺杂到核自旋丰富的原钒酸钇晶体，我们开发了一个强大的量子控制协议来操纵多层次的核自旋态的相邻51 V5+晶格离子。通过动态设计的自旋交换相互作用，我们将这个核自旋系综，产生集体自旋激发，并随后使用它们来实现量子存储器。我们还演示了最大纠缠171 Yb-51 V贝尔态的制备和测量。与传统的、无序的基于核自旋的量子存储器不同，我们的平台是确定性和可再现的，确保所有171 Yb 3+量子位的量子寄存器相同。我们的方法提供了一个利用密集核自旋浴复杂结构的框架，为使用单个稀土离子量子位构建大规模量子网络铺平了道路。
Solid-state nuclear spins surrounding individual, optically addressable qubits,are a crucial resource for quantum networks, , –, computation, , , –and simulation. Although hosts with sparse nuclear spin baths are typically chosen to mitigate qubit decoherence, developing coherent quantum systems in nuclear-spin-rich hosts enables exploration of a much broader range of materials for quantum information applications. The collective modes of these dense nuclear spin ensembles provide a natural basis for quantum storage; however, using them as a resource for single-spin qubits has thus far remained elusive. Here, by using a highly coherent, optically addressed171Yb3+qubit doped into a nuclear-spin-rich yttrium orthovanadate crystal, we develop a robust quantum control protocol to manipulate the multi-level nuclear spin states of neighbouring51V5+lattice ions. Via a dynamically engineered spin-exchange interaction, we polarize this nuclear spin ensemble, generate collective spin excitations, and subsequently use them to implement a quantum memory. We additionally demonstrate preparation and measurement of maximally entangled171Yb–51V Bell states. Unlike conventional, disordered nuclear-spin-based quantum memories, , , , , , , –, our platform is deterministic and reproducible, ensuring identical quantum registers for all171Yb3+qubits. Our approach provides a framework for utilizing the complex structure of dense nuclear spin baths, paving the way towards building large-scale quantum networks using single rare-earth ion qubits,, , –.