High-frequency gamma electroencephalogram activity in association with sleep-wake states and spontaneous behaviors in the rat
High-frequency gamma electroencephalogram activity in association with sleep-wake states and spontaneous behaviors in the rat
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DOI：
10.1016/s0306-4522(96)00298-9
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发表时间：
1997-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Jones, BE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maloney, KJ;Cape, EG;Jones, BE
通过对大鼠睡眠-觉醒状态和自发行为的脑电频谱分析，研究了高频伽马活动(30-60赫兹)的发生及其与其他频段活动的关系。在脑电中，伽马波活动在未过滤和高频过滤的记录中很明显，在注意力集中或活跃的觉醒发作和反常睡眠期间，伽马波活动明显，此时也有明显的theta样活动。在这些事件的幅度谱中，伽马频段内有明显的多个峰值，表明宽带高频活动，与theta频段中的单个低频峰值相关。在静醒状态下，伽马波峰减弱，伴随着θ和Delta之间的低频峰；在慢波睡眠中，伴随着Delta频段的低频峰而减弱。在同侧皮质导联的相干频谱中，峰值也出现在伽马范围内，且清醒运动睡眠和异相睡眠显著高于清醒安静睡眠和慢波睡眠。在频带幅度的测量中，伽马活动(30.5-58.0赫兹)在睡眠-唤醒周期中变化很大，在觉醒和反常睡眠期间同样很高，在慢波睡眠期间最低。在这些地层中，伽马与增量(1.5-4.0赫兹)呈负相关。相反，觉醒状态下的高β(19.0-30.0 Hz)显著低于慢波睡眠状态，且与Delta呈正相关。伽马在不同的行为中差异显著，在抽动的反常睡眠和清醒的进食和运动行为中最高，在注意力清醒时略低，在清醒时梳妆时略低，在静醒时与慢波睡眠时一样低。这些结果表明，高频伽马活动(而不是β)与低频Delta活动的倒数变化反映了大鼠的睡眠-觉醒周期。此外，伽马活动反映了行为唤醒的程度，因为在活跃的觉醒过程中，当肌电活动较高时，伽马活动较高，而在安静清醒时，当肌电活动较低时，伽马活动较低。II也反映了与运动活动无关的大脑皮层觉醒，因为它在注意力不动时达到高水平，只有在特定的活动行为(吃、动和不梳理)时才达到最大水平，在异相睡眠期间也达到最高水平，此时颈部肌电最小，但微小的抽动表明做梦。在不同的状态和行为中，伽马的共同变化和theta频段的缓慢振荡表明，一个共同的系统可能会调制这些快节奏和慢节奏的脑电节律，而且这种调制可能来自基底前脑，在某些状态或行为中占主导地位，比如反常睡眠。版权所有(C)1996 IBRO。
The occurrence of high-frequency gamma activity (30-60 Hz) and its relationship to other frequency band activities were examined by spectral analysis of the electroencephalogram in association with sleep-wake states and spontaneous behaviors in the rat. In the electroencephalogram, gamma wave activity was evident in unfiltered and high-frequency filtered recordings, in which it was prominent during attentive or active Wake episodes and during Paradoxical Sleep, when theta-like activity was also apparent. In amplitude spectra from these episodes, multiple peaks were evident within the gamma frequency band, indicating broad-band high-frequency activity, in association with a single low-frequency peak in the theta band. gamma peaks were attenuated during quiet Waking, in association with a low-frequency peak between theta and delta, and during Slow Wave Sleep, in association with a low-frequency peak in the delta band. In coherence spectra from ipsilateral cortical leads, peaks were also present within the gamma range and were significantly higher in Waking moving and Paradoxical Sleep than in Waking quiet and Slow Wave Sleep. In measures of Frequency band amplitude, gamma activity (30.5-58.0 Hz) varied significantly across the sleep-waking cycle, being similarly high during Wake and Paradoxical Sleep and lowest during Slow Wave Sleep. Across these stales, gamma was negatively correlated with delta (1.5-4.0 Hz). In contrast, high beta (19.0-30.0 Hz) was significantly lower in Wake than in Slow Wave Sleep and was positively correlated with delta. gamma differed significantly across specific behaviors, being highest in Paradoxical Sleep with twitches and during Waking eating and moving behaviors, slightly lower in Waking attentive, lower in Waking grooming and as low in Waking quiet as during Slow Wave Sleep.These results indicate that the reciprocal variation of high-frequency gamma activity (and not beta) with low-frequency delta activity reflects the sleep-waking cycle of the rat. Moreover, gamma activity reflects the degree of behavioral arousal, since it is high during active Waking, when the electromyogram is high, and low during quiet Waking, when the electromyogram is low. II also reflects cortical arousal, independent of motor activity, since it attains high levels in association with attentive immobility and maximal levels only during particular active behaviors (eating and moving and not grooming), and it also attains maximal levels during Paradoxical Sleep, when the nuchal electromyogram is minimal, but small twitches evidence dreaming. The co-variation of gamma and a slow oscillation in the theta band across states and behaviors suggests that a common system may modulate these fast and slow electroencephalogram rhythms, and that such modulation, potentially emanating from the basal forebrain, could predominate during certain states or behaviors, such as Paradoxical Sleep. Copyright (C) 1996 IBRO.