Cardiovascular outcomes in type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Cardiovascular outcomes in type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00125-022-05857-5
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发表时间：
2023-03
期刊：
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Dikaiou, Pigi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rosengren, Annika;Dikaiou, Pigi
糖尿病是地球上最普遍的心脏代谢疾病之一。1型糖尿病仅占所有病例的少数（最近估计全球约为2%）;然而，由于这是一种早期发病的疾病，许多人长期患有1型糖尿病。CVD和过早死亡是这两种类型糖尿病的主要长期结局;然而，具有这些结局最高风险的糖尿病类型是一个有争议的话题，尚未得到广泛研究。由于糖尿病和心血管疾病之间的关联，过去几十年来2型糖尿病患病率的上升对全球健康产生了巨大影响。与非糖尿病患者相比，糖尿病患者的过度风险在很大程度上取决于其他因素的存在，例如一般心血管风险因素（例如LDL胆固醇升高，高血压和吸烟）以及更特异于糖尿病的因素（例如HbA1c，微量和大量白蛋白尿）。有些促成因素是可以改变的，而其他因素则不可改变，如年龄、性别和糖尿病类型。2型糖尿病患者的危险因素得到控制的老年人可以达到与普通人群相似的CVD风险水平，而1型糖尿病的年轻人大多无法达到相似的风险水平，可能是因为长期累积暴露于升高的血糖水平。尽管有报告称1型和2型糖尿病患者的心血管疾病发病率下降，但这两种糖尿病的发病率上升导致全球心脏代谢疾病患者人数持续上升，抵消了许多国家取得的进展。比较1型和2型糖尿病患者的心血管疾病风险充满了困难，并且高度依赖于其他伴随因素，其中一些是可以改变的，另一些则不是。尽管如此，作为一个整体，在确定糖尿病的管理中最重要的是绝对风险和终身风险。终生努力实现血糖控制、血脂和高血压控制以及不吸烟是预防的关键，并根据需要实施健康的生活方式和药物治疗。在线版本包含数字幻灯片集供下载，授权用户可致电10.1007/s00125 - 022 - 05857 - 5下载。
Diabetes is one of the most prevalent cardiometabolic disorders on the planet. Type 1 diabetes accounts for only a minority of all cases (recently estimated to be ~2% globally); however, since this is a disorder with an early onset, many people live with type 1 diabetes for a long time. CVD and premature death are the main long-term outcomes for both types of diabetes; however, the type of diabetes that carries the highest risk of these outcomes is a controversial topic and has not been widely studied. Because of the association between diabetes and CVD, the rise in type 2 diabetes prevalence over the past decades has huge effects on global health. The excess risk in people with diabetes compared with those without depends, to a large extent, on the presence of other factors, such as general cardiovascular risk factors (e.g. elevated LDL-cholesterol, hypertension and smoking) and also factors that are more specific to diabetes (e.g. HbA1c, and micro- and macroalbuminuria). Some contributory factors are modifiable, while others are not, such as age, sex and type of diabetes. Older people with type 2 diabetes who have risk factors that are under control can achieve levels of CVD risk that are similar to that of the general population, while younger individuals with type 1 diabetes are mostly unable to achieve similar levels of risk, probably because of long and cumulative exposure to raised blood glucose levels. Despite reports of declining rates of CVD among people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, rising rates of both types of diabetes lead to a continuing rise in the number of people with cardiometabolic disorders worldwide, offsetting the progress made in many countries. Comparison between individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes with respect to risk of CVD is fraught with difficulties and highly dependent on other, concomitant factors, some of which are modifiable and others not. Nonetheless, as a whole, what matters most in determining the management of diabetes is absolute risk and lifetime risk. Life-long efforts to achieve glycaemic control, control of lipids and hypertension, and not smoking are key to prevention, with a healthy lifestyle and pharmacological therapy to be implemented as needed. The online version contains a slideset of the figures for download, which is available to authorised users at 10.1007/s00125-022-05857-5.
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影响因子：
15.1
作者：
Danielli S;Coffey T;Ashrafian H;Darzi A
通讯作者：
Darzi A
影响因子：
16.2
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影响因子：
16.2
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Magliano, Dianna J.
影响因子：
44.5
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影响因子：
158.5
作者：
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