Nicotine, Cotinine, and Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines Measured in Children's Silicone Wristbands in Relation to Secondhand Smoke and E-cigarette Vapor Exposure
Nicotine, Cotinine, and Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines Measured in Children's Silicone Wristbands in Relation to Secondhand Smoke and E-cigarette Vapor Exposure
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DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntaa140
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发表时间：
2021-03-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Hovell, Melbourne F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Quintana, Penelope J. E.;Lopez-Galvez, Nicolas;Hovell, Melbourne F.
简介：简单的硅胶腕带 (WB) 有望用于儿童暴露评估。我们之前报道过儿童佩戴的 WB 中的尼古丁与尿可替宁 (UC) 之间存在很强的相关性。在此，我们调查了暴露于传统香烟 (CC) 二手烟 (CC) 或电子烟 (EC) 二手蒸气 (EC) 二手烟的儿童以及未使用任何一种产品 (NS) 的儿童中 WB 化学浓度的差异。方法：儿童 (n = 53) 佩戴三个 WB 和被动尼古丁空气采样器 7 天，佩戴一个 WB 2 天，并在第 7 天提供尿液样本。护理人员报告这 7 天期间的每日暴露情况。我们通过同位素稀释液相色谱和三重四极杆质谱法测定了 WB 中的尼古丁、可替宁和烟草特异性亚硝胺 (TSNA) 浓度、空气采样器中的尼古丁和 UC。结果：儿童 WB 中的尼古丁和可替宁水平在招募到 NS、EC 暴露和 CC 暴露组的儿童组之间以与 UC 类似的方式进行区分。 CC 组中的 WB 水平（WB 尼古丁中位数为 233.8 ng/g，UC 中位数为 3.6 ng/mL，n = 15）显着高于 EC 组（WB 尼古丁中位数：28.9 ng/g，UC 0.5 ng/mL，n = 19），并且 CC 和 EC 组水平均高于 NS 组（WB 尼古丁中位数：3.7 ng/g，UC） 0.1 纳克/毫升，n = 19)。 39% 的 WB 中检测到了 TSNA，包括已知的致癌物质 NNK。 结论：硅胶 WB 有望灵敏检测传统香烟和电子烟中与烟草相关的污染物的暴露情况，并具有烟草控制工作的潜力。
Introduction: Simple silicone wristbands (WB) hold promise for exposure assessment in children. We previously reported strong correlations between nicotine in WB worn by children and urinary cotinine (UC). Here, we investigated differences in WB chemical concentrations among children exposed to secondhand smoke from conventional cigarettes (CC) or secondhand vapor from electronic cigarettes (EC), and children living with nonusers of either product (NS).Methods: Children (n = 53) wore three WB and a passive nicotine air sampler for 7 days and one WB for 2 days, and gave a urine sample on day 7. Caregivers reported daily exposures during the 7-day period. We determined nicotine, cotinine, and tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) concentrations in WB, nicotine in air samplers, and UC through isotope-dilution liquid chromatography with triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry.Results: Nicotine and cotinine levels in WB in children differentiated between groups of children recruited into NS, EC exposed, and CC exposed groups in a similar manner to UC. WB levels were significantly higher in the CC group (WB nicotine median 233.8 ng/g silicone, UC median 3.6 ng/mL, n = 15) than the EC group (WB nicotine median: 28.9 ng/g, UC 0.5 ng/mL, n = 19), and both CC and EC group levels were higher than the NS group (WB nicotine median: 3.7 ng/g, UC 0.1 ng/mL, n = 19). TSNAs, including the known carcinogen NNK, were detected in 39% of WB.Conclusions: Silicone WB show promise for sensitive detection of exposure to tobacco-related contaminants from traditional and electronic cigarettes and have potential for tobacco control efforts.