Evidence that nonconscious processes are sufficient to produce false memories
Evidence that nonconscious processes are sufficient to produce false memories
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DOI：
10.1016/j.concog.2007.01.009
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Seamon, John G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cotel, Sivan C.;Gallo, David A.;Seamon, John G.
无意识过程是否足以引起对非研究事件的错误记忆？为了研究这个问题，我们控制和测量了DRM任务中的意识处理，在DRM任务中，学习伙伴（例如，睡觉、休息、醒着..）引起未被研究的同伴的错误记忆（例如，睡眠）。在研究阶段，受试者以极快的速度研究视觉掩蔽的同伴，然后立即回忆。在这个初始阶段之后，nonstudied测试词迅速提出的感知识别，其次是识别记忆的判断。在知觉识别任务，我们发现显着的启动nonstudied联营公司，相对于控制词。我们还发现，即使受试者在学习中没有回忆起这个词，或者在测试中没有识别出这个词，这些未被研究的联想者也会出现显著的错误识别，这表明无意识过程会导致错误识别。这些识别效应在研究每个联想列表后立即被发现，但在几个干预列表呈现后发生的延迟测试中却没有发现。无意识过程足以在即时测试中引起这种记忆错觉，但可能不足以产生更生动和持久的错误记忆。(c)2007爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Are nonconscious processes sufficient to cause false memories of a nonstudied event? To investigate this issue, we controlled and measured conscious processing in the DRM task, in which studying associates (e.g., bed, rest, awake...) causes false memories of nonstudied associates (e.g., sleep). During the study phase, subjects studied visually masked associates at extremely rapid rates, followed by immediate recall. After this initial phase, nonstudied test words were rapidly presented for perceptual identification, followed by recognition memory judgments. On the perceptual identification task, we found significant priming of nonstudied associates, relative to control words. We also found significant false recognition of these nonstudied associates, even when subjects did not recall this word at study or identify it at test, indicating that nonconscious processes can cause false recognition. These recognition effects were found immediately after studying each list of associates, but not on a delayed test that occurred after the presentation of several intervening lists. Nonconscious processes are sufficient to cause this memory illusion on immediate tests, but may be insufficient for more vivid and lasting false memories. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.