Identification of markers for nipple epidermis: changes in expression during pregnancy and lactation
Identification of markers for nipple epidermis: changes in expression during pregnancy and lactation
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1432-0436.2006.00112.x
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Foley, John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eastwood, Jennifer;Offutt, Carlos;Foley, John
在脊椎动物中，皮肤的特定区域对与环境中的元素相互作用和操纵至关重要，其特征是具有专门的表皮。特化表皮的区域显示出不同的细胞分化模式，并表达特定的角蛋白，提供了增强的抵御机械应变的能力。乳头是一种特殊的表皮，必须承受哺乳的机械压力。角蛋白14启动子驱动的PTHrP小鼠的整个腹侧皮肤为乳头发育提供了一个模型。为了确定这种特殊表皮的新标记，我们使用了二维(2D)凝胶、质谱学蛋白质鉴定、Western blotting和免疫组织化学方法来比较乳头状K14-PTHrP腹侧皮肤和野生型猫科动物的中间丝制备。我们在二维凝胶上鉴定了K14-PTHrP雌性小鼠乳头样皮肤中表达增强的斑点，以及野生型中表达增强的11个斑点。显微测序结果表明，K17和表膜蛋白是K14-PTHrP腹侧皮肤中表达增加最多的蛋白。通过Western blotts和免疫组织化学方法，我们检测了这些蛋白和K6在野生型乳头、K14-PTHrP腹侧皮肤和野生型腹侧皮肤中的表达。此外，我们发现K6在妊娠和哺乳期乳头中的表达变化很小，但先前识别的标志物K2E在哺乳期的表达减少。使用护理诱导的机械应变模型，我们发现K2E而不是K6的表达对这种情况有反应。识别表皮标志物及其表达模式将有助于深入了解乳头的细胞分化模式，以及指导这种分化的潜在的表皮-间充质相互作用。
In vertebrates, specific regions of skin crucial for interaction with and manipulation of elements in the environment are characterized by specialized epidermis. Regions of specialized epidermis show distinct patterns of cellular differentiation and express specific keratins that provide an increased ability to withstand mechanical strain. The nipple, which must endure the mechanical strain of nursing, is a type of specialized epidermis. The entire ventral skin of the keratin 14 promoter driven PTHrP mouse provides a model for nipple development. To identify novel markers for this specialized epidermis, we have used two-dimensional (2-D) gels, mass spectrometric protein identification, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry to compare intermediate filament preparations from the nipple-like K14-PTHrP ventral skin to that of wild-type littermates. We identified 64 spots on 2-D gels that were increased in expression in the nipple-like skin of the female K14-PTHrP mouse and 11 spots that were elevated in the wild type. Microsequencing suggested that K17 and epiplakin were among the proteins with the greatest increase in expression in the K14-PTHrP ventral skin. Using Western blots and immunohistochemistry, we evaluated the expression of these proteins as well as K6 in the wild-type nipple, K14-PTHrP ventral skin and wild-type ventral skin. In addition, we found that the expression of K6 was minimally changed in the pregnant and lactating nipple, but the expression of a previously identified marker, K2e, was reduced during lactation. Using a model of the mechanical strain induced by nursing, we found that K2e but not K6 expression was responsive to this condition. The identification of epidermal markers and their expression patterns will provide insight into the cellular differentiation patterns of the nipple and the underlying epidermal-mesenchymal interactions that direct this differentiation.