Validating Tools to Detect and Inactivate Monkeypox Virus in Human Milk.
Validating Tools to Detect and Inactivate Monkeypox Virus in Human Milk.
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验证检测和灭活人乳中猴痘病毒的工具。
DOI：
10.1089/bfm.2023.0175
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bode,Lars
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Clark,AlexE;Furst,Annalee;Sejane,Kristija;Stellwagen,Lisa;Proost,Marissa;Pride,David;Smith,DaveyM;Carlin,AaronF;Bode,Lars
目的：母乳喂养和人乳（HM）可降低孕产妇和婴儿的发病率和死亡率。因此，监测母乳喂养的安全性和获得HM至关重要。在这项研究中，我们评估的工具，以监测存在的猴痘病毒（MPXV）在HM和是否标准的保持器巴氏灭菌灭活MPXV.Materials和方法：热灭活MPXV添加到HM或病毒运输介质（VTM）和分析研究和临床MPXV定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）测试。将感染性MPXV添加到HM中，并暴露于1个冻融循环，在室温下孵育1小时，或保持器巴氏灭菌条件（62.5°C，30分钟），然后通过噬斑测定进行感染性单位定量。将MPXV添加到HM中以达到225，000空斑形成单位（pfu）/mL的起始浓度，在冻融或在室温下储存1小时后仍具有感染性。然而，保持器巴氏灭菌法将感染性病毒降低到检测限以下，病毒滴度降低> 2，000倍。结论：当使用临床实验室开发的qPCR检测添加到HM中时，可以检测到MPXV，而无需修改，但与VTM中的等效样品相比，检测限降低。如果病毒进入人乳，MPXV在人乳中仍然存在，但保持器巴氏灭菌将传染性MPXV降低至检测限以下，并可用于降低MPXV传播给接受巴氏灭菌（供体）人乳的婴儿的风险。
Objectives:Breastfeeding and human milk (HM) improve maternal and infant morbidities and mortality. Therefore, monitoring the safety of breastfeeding and access to HM is of critical importance. In this study, we assessed tools to monitor the presence of monkeypox virus (MPXV) in HM and whether standard Holder pasteurization inactivates MPXV.Materials and Methods:Heat-inactivated MPXV was added to HM or viral transport media (VTM) and analyzed using both research and clinical MPXV quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) tests. Infectious MPXV was added to HM and was exposed to 1 cycle of freeze–thaw, incubation for 1 hour at room temperature, or conditions of Holder pasteurization (62.5°C for 30 minutes) followed by infectious unit quantification by plaque assay.Results:Research and clinical nucleic acid tests detect MPXV that was added to HM but with reduced sensitivity compared with equivalent samples in VTM at low virus inoculum. MPXV added to HM to achieve a starting concentration of 225,000 plaque forming units (pfu)/mL remains infectious after freeze–thaw or 1 hour storage at room temperature. However, Holder pasteurization reduced infectious virus below the limit of detection, >2,000-fold reduction in viral titer.Conclusion:MPXV can be detected when added to HM using a clinical laboratory-developed qPCR test without modification, but the detection limit is reduced compared with equivalent samples in VTM. MPXV remains viable in HM should the virus ever gain access to HM, but Holder pasteurization reduces infectious MPXV to below detection limits and can be used to reduce the risk of MPXV transmission to infants who receive pasteurized (donor) HM.