A direct compression stimulator for articular cartilage and meniscal explants
A direct compression stimulator for articular cartilage and meniscal explants
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DOI：
10.1007/s10439-006-9157-x
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Athanasiou, Kyriacos A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aufderheide, Adam C.;Athanasiou, Kyriacos A.
本文介绍了一种用于培养膝关节半月板和关节软骨外植体的直接压迫刺激器的研制和应用。通过对仪器及其数据采集系统的设计和制作，从力学和组织效应两方面验证了仪器的功能。加载室可容纳45个直径为5毫米的样品。虽然设计用于刺激高达4毫米厚的样品，但轴向位移仅为0.127 μ m，在刺激器的理论能力范围内。在基因表达研究中，我们在动态刺激和静态压缩的关节软骨以及内侧和外侧半月板的外植体中检测了II型胶原和聚集蛋白的表达。然后将这些结果与自由膨胀样品进行比较。结果发现，与自由肿胀对照组相比，静态压缩厚度可使关节软骨外植体中聚集蛋白和II型胶原蛋白的表达分别下降94%和90%。在切口厚度周围进行动态、间歇性、2%的振荡，在4小时后，表达水平恢复到自由肿胀对照组的水平，但在76小时后却没有。在内侧半月板样本中，与静态对照组相比，在4和76小时，动态压缩使聚集蛋白的表达上调了108%，但没有上调II型胶原的表达。外侧半月板外植体的基因表达无差异。因此，直接压迫关节软骨的影响可能不一定转化为膝关节半月板。这种刺激器的设计将允许多种组织和负荷方案进行检查。希望能找到一种方案，不仅使样品恢复到自由肿胀控制的生产水平，而且在基因表达、蛋白质合成和功能特性方面超过它们。
This paper describes the development and use of a direct compression stimulator for culturing explants from the meniscus of the knee and articular cartilage. Following design and fabrication of the instrument along with its data acquisition system, the function of the machine was verified by both mechanical means and tissue effect. The loading chamber can hold up to 45 5 mm diameter samples. While designed to stimulate samples up to 4 mm thick, axial displacements as little as 0.127 mu m are within the theoretical capacity of the stimulator. In gene expression studies, collagen II and aggrecan expression were examined in explants from articular cartilage as well as medial and lateral menisci subjected to dynamic stimulation and static compression. These results were then compared to free swelling samples. It was found that static compression to cut thickness down-regulated aggrecan and collagen II expression in articular cartilage explants compared to free swelling controls by 94% and 90%, respectively. The application of a dynamic, intermittent, 2% oscillation around the cut thickness returned expression levels to those of free swelling controls at 4 h but not at 76 h. In medial meniscus samples, dynamic compression up-regulated aggrecan expression by 108%, but not collagen II expression, at 4 and 76 h compared to static controls. No difference in gene expression was observed for lateral meniscal explants. Thus, effects of direct compression seen in articular cartilage may not necessarily translate to the knee meniscus. The design of this stimulator will allow a variety of tissues and loading regimens to be examined. It is hoped that regimens can be found that not only return samples to the production levels of free swelling controls, but also surpass them in terms of gene expression, protein synthesis, and functional properties.