Ultra-Precision Machining: Cutting With Diamond Tools
Ultra-Precision Machining: Cutting With Diamond Tools
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DOI：
10.1115/1.4048194
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发表时间：
2020-11
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
D. Lucca;M. J. Klopfstein;O. Riemer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Lucca;M. J. Klopfstein;O. Riemer
本文是向 Frederick Fongsun Ling 教授（1927-2014）致敬。单点金刚石加工是一种以超精密加工为特征的更广泛工艺的子集，用于创建具有纳米级表面粗糙度和亚微米级几何形状精度的表面和部件。其最初的发展主要集中在满足能源和国防相关需求的光学加工上。如今，金刚石加工具有广泛的应用，包括用于国防和商业应用的精密自由曲面光学器件的制造、功能性能的表面结构化以及用于复制各种塑料或玻璃部件的模具的创建。目前的工作重点是对该技术的简要回顾。首先要讨论的是目前对控制该过程的力学的理解状态，包括产生的力、能量和尺寸效应、切割单晶时的力以及产生的切割温度。然后描述了对该过程进行建模的努力。还包括切削延性材料和脆性材料时的工件材料响应。然后介绍了机床、金刚石刀具和刀具开发的最新技术、使用的各种切削配置以及金刚石加工表面和部件的一些示例。还讨论了金刚石加工表面的表面形貌、几何形状和亚表面损伤的测量。
This article is written as a tribute to Professor Frederick Fongsun Ling 1927–2014. Single-point diamond machining, a subset of a broader class of processes characterized as ultraprecision machining, is used for the creation of surfaces and components with nanometer scale surface roughnesses, and submicrometer scale geometrical form accuracies. Its initial development centered mainly on the machining of optics for energy and defense related needs. Today, diamond machining has broad applications that include the manufacture of precision freeform optics for defense and commercial applications, the structuring of surfaces for functional performance, and the creation of molds used for the replication of a broad range of components in plastic or glass. The present work focuses on a brief review of the technology. First addressed is the state of current understanding of the mechanics that govern the process including the resulting forces, energies and the size effect, forces when cutting single crystals, and resulting cutting temperatures. Efforts to model the process are then described. The workpiece material response when cutting ductile and brittle materials is also included. Then the present state of the art in machine tools, diamond tools and tool development, various cutting configurations used, and some examples of diamond machined surfaces and components are presented. A discussion on the measurement of surface topography, geometrical form, and subsurface damage of diamond machined surfaces is also included.