Micronutrient Composition and Quality Characteristics of Traditional Tomato Cultivars in Southeast Spain
Micronutrient Composition and Quality Characteristics of Traditional Tomato Cultivars in Southeast Spain
复制标题
西班牙东南部传统番茄品种的微量营养素组成及品质特性
DOI：
10.1081/css-200043307
复制
发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
R. Moral
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. J. Ruiz;N. Martínez;S. García;M. Serrano;M. Valero;R. Moral
摘要 西班牙东南部的果园中至今仍存活着几个传统番茄品种，因其优良的品质而备受推崇。然而，集约化农业中使用的现代番茄杂交品种意味着这些类型的地方品种正在逐渐被淘汰。本研究旨在表征几个传统品种番茄微量营养素成分和果实品质参数的多样性。该实验是在田间条件下使用“Muchamiel”和“De la Pera”类型的传统品种以及商业 F1 杂交品种进行的。通过原子吸收光谱法测定水果微量营养素浓度（铁、铜、锰和锌）。分析的果实品质参数为可滴定酸度、可溶性固形物含量和颜色参数。所分析的品种之间在微量营养素和质量参数方面都存在很大差异，这表明存在相当大的遗传多样性水平。无法确定任何一个“优质”品种，因为这取决于使用类型、消费者和种植者的偏好。这些传统品种经常在碎花成熟阶段被食用，但我们发现红色水果和碎花水果在微量营养素浓度方面差异很小。通过相对简单的化学分析，我们已经检测到番茄基因型之间的显着差异，而我们仍然无法用分子工具检测到这些差异。根据对所选水果参数的多变量数据分析，可以清楚地区分品种。这些知识可以帮助有效保护西班牙东南部农业生物多样性的重要部分。这些结果对于致力于新品种开发的番茄育种者也可能有用。
Abstract Several traditional tomato cultivars still survive in the orchards in southeastern Spain, which are highly esteemed due to their excellent quality. However, modern tomato hybrid varieties used in intensive agriculture mean that these types of local cultivars are being gradually phased out. This study was conducted to characterize the diversity of tomato micronutrient composition and fruit quality parameters of several traditional cultivars. The experiment was carried out under field conditions using traditional cultivars of the “Muchamiel” and “De la Pera” type and commercial F1 hybrids. Micronutrient fruit concentration (Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn) was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Fruit quality parameters analyzed were titratable acidity, soluble solid content, and color parameters. Strong differences have been found among the analyzed cultivars, both in terms of micronutrients and also quality parameters, suggesting that there are considerable levels of genetic diversity. Not a single “superior” variety could be identified, because it would depend on type of use, consumers' and growers' preferences. These traditional cultivars are frequently consumed at the breaker maturity stage, but we have found low differences between red and breaker fruits regarding micronutrient concentrations. Through relatively simple chemical analyses, we have detected significant differences among tomato genotypes that we are still not able to detect with molecular tools. Cultivars could be clearly differentiated on the basis of a multivariate data analysis of selected fruit parameters. This knowledge could aid in the efficient conservation of an important part of the agricultural biodiversity in southeastern of Spain. These results are also potentially useful for tomato breeders working on the development of new varieties.