Regulation of stem cell plasticity: mechanisms and relevance to tissue biology and cancer.
Regulation of stem cell plasticity: mechanisms and relevance to tissue biology and cancer.
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DOI：
10.1038/mt.2012.2
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发表时间：
2012-05
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Strauss;P. Hamerlik;A. Lieber;J. Bartek
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文献类型：
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作者：
R. Strauss;P. Hamerlik;A. Lieber;J. Bartek
胚胎干细胞（ESCs）具有高度的可塑性，这使它们能够自我更新并分化成每一个体细胞。在分化过程中，ESC遵循组织特异性的分层组织模式，最终导致永久性细胞周期停滞和细胞可塑性丧失。与它们的正常体细胞对应物相比，癌细胞保留了高水平的可塑性，包括上皮和间充质表型之间的转换。这些细胞阶段之间的转换最近被链接到重新获得的干细胞功能在细胞重编程和去分化正常和肿瘤细胞。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了恢复干细胞阶段所需的关键因素及其相互作用，特别强调细胞周期调控的影响。除了对干细胞可塑性和转分化能力的新兴基本过程的机械见解外，我们还强调了这些概念对组织生物学，肿瘤发生和癌症治疗的影响。
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are associated with a high degree of plasticity, which allows them to self-renew and differentiate into every somatic cell. During differentiation, ESCs follow a hierarchically organized pattern towards tissue specificity, which ultimately results in permanent cell cycle arrest and a loss of cellular plasticity. In contrast to their normal somatic counterparts, cancer cells retain elevated levels of plasticity that include switches between epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes. Transitions between these cell stages have lately been linked to the reacquisition of stem cell features during cellular reprogramming and dedifferentiation in normal and neoplastic cells. In this review, we discuss the key factors and their interplay that is needed to regain a stem cell stage with a particular emphasis put on the impact of cell cycle regulation. Apart from mechanistic insights into the emerging fundamental processes of stem cell plasticity and capacity to transdifferentiate, we also highlight implications of these concepts for tissue biology, tumorigenesis, and cancer therapy.