The epidemiology of UV induced skin cancer
The epidemiology of UV induced skin cancer
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DOI：
10.1016/s1011-1344(01)00198-1
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发表时间：
2001-10-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Kricker, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Armstrong, BK;Kricker, A
有令人信服的证据表明，三种主要类型的皮肤癌，基底细胞癌（BCC），鳞状细胞癌（SCC）和黑色素瘤，都是由阳光照射引起的。每一种疾病的发病率在皮肤较白、对阳光敏感的人中高于皮肤较黑、对阳光不敏感的人，随着环境太阳辐射的增加，人们的风险也在增加;在身体受阳光照射最多的部位，密度最高，而在受阳光照射最少的部位，密度最低;它们在个体中与在一些实施方案中，皮肤损伤的类型包括皮肤晒伤（主要是SCC）、职业性（主要是SCC）和非职业性或娱乐性阳光暴露（主要是黑色素瘤和BCC）以及皮肤晒伤史和存在良性阳光损伤。紫外线辐射具体导致这些皮肤癌取决于从动物研究中皮肤癌的太阳辐射作用光谱和二嘧啶二聚体的作用光谱的间接推断，以及推测的皮肤癌致病突变最常见于二嘧啶位点的证据。如果要降低皮肤癌的发病率，防晒是必不可少的。流行病学数据表明，在实施防晒时，应避免增加暴露的不稳定性，如果在生命的早期尽可能实现防晒，防晒将产生最大的影响，并且它可能会在以后的生活中产生影响，特别是在那些童年暴露于太阳辐射的人中。(C)2001 Elsevier Science B. V.保留所有权利。
There is persuasive evidence that each of the three main types of skin cancer, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and melanoma, is caused by sun exposure. The incidence rate of each is higher in fairer skinned, sun-sensitive rather than darker skinned, less sun-sensitive peopled risk increases with increasing ambient solar radiation; the highest densities are on the most sun exposed parts of the body and the lowest on the least exposed; and they are associated in individuals with total (mainly SCC), occupational (mainly SCC) and non-occupational or recreational sun exposure (mainly melanoma and BCC) and a history of sunburn and presence of benign sun damage in the skin. That UV radiation specifically causes these skin cancers depends on indirect inferences from the action spectrum of solar radiation for skin cancer from studies in animals and the action spectrum for dipyrimidine dimers and evidence that presumed causative mutations for skin cancer arise most commonly at dipyrimidine sites. Sun protection is essential if skin cancer incidence is to be reduced. The epidemiological data suggest that in implementing sun protection an increase in intermittency of exposure should be avoided, that sun protection will have the greatest impact if achieved as early as possible in life and that it will probably have an impact later in life, especially in those who had high childhood exposure to solar radiation. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.